1. Daily rise & set of sun, moon, & stars

2. Daily motion of stars Deductions: 1)Earth spins 2)Spherical shape 3)Moon reflects Sun’s light 4)A coordinate system for the sky

3. Seasons

4. Planets: Constellations wanders Ptolome’s geocentric model

5. Copernicus’ revolution Planet’s retrograde motion Heliocentric model

6. Kepler’s 3 laws Brahe’s observations 1)planets’ orbit are eccentric 2)A planet sweeps out an equal area per equal time interval 3) Period square is proportional to the semi major axis cube

7. Kepler’s 3 laws Comparison of orbits P 2 = Ka 3 Shape of orbit Rate of change

8. Galileo’s proof of heliocentric model Phases of venus

9. Galileo’s other contributions Lunar craters, moons of Jupiter, & sunspots Inertia Acceleration = rate of change of speed.