1. Glaciers

2. Glacier: a Flowing Stream of Ice Mountain Continental (Greenland, Antarctica)

3. Snowfall vs Melting & Evaporation (Ablation) Zone of Accumulation Snowfall Exceeds Melting & Evaporation Excess Snow Turns to Ice & Flows Out Zone of Melting or Ablation Melting & Evaporation Exceeds Snowfall Melting Excess Made up by Ice Flowing in Terminus of Glacier Snowfall & Inflow = Melting & Evaporation (Ablation)

4. Anatomy of a Glacier

5. A Typical Glacial Advance and Retreat

6. As long as Accumulation = Ablation, the Glacier Front Remains Fixed

7. If Accumulation Exceeds Ablation, the Glacier Advances

8. If Ablation Exceeds Accumulation, the Glacier Retreats

9. Eventually, Material Trapped in the Ice Reaches the Terminus

10. A Typical Glacial Advance and Retreat

11. Results of Glaciation Abrasion Polish Striations Chatter Marks Crescentic Gouges Bedrock Scour Deposition Till Outwash Varved Clays Meltwater Erosion

12. Mountain Glacier Landforms

13. Continental Glacier Landforms

14. Greenland Ice Cap

15. Antarctic Ice Cap

16. Antarctic Subglacial Lakes

17. Lake Vostok