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Towards Intellectual Capital Report of Turkey Kamil Yılmaz Koç University January 29, 2009.

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Presentation on theme: "Towards Intellectual Capital Report of Turkey Kamil Yılmaz Koç University January 29, 2009."— Presentation transcript:

1 Towards Intellectual Capital Report of Turkey Kamil Yılmaz Koç University January 29, 2009

2 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 2 Intellectual Capital uAll intangible organizational resources uProviding relative advantage uProduce future benefits

3 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 3 Components of Intellectual Capital uIntellectual capital of a nation is the product of three different classes of intangibles: uHuman capital – knowledge, education and competencies uStructural capital – non-human storhouses of knowledge uRelational capital – intraorganizational relationships

4 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 4 Intellectual Capital uAssets (present) – current power; an overview of current main assets uInvestment (future) – future power; investment in its potential continously uEffects (past) – intangibles productive in the past period

5 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 5 Turkey – Demographic Indicators (2008) Land Area (km²) 774,820 Population (Million) 71.5 Rate of Population Growth 1.31% Density (km²) 92.3 Urban Population 62.2% Average Age 28.4 Population Aged 15-64 66.4% Labor Force (Million) 24.6 Unemployment Rate 10.9% Labor Force Participation 49.1% Female Labor Force Participation 26.2%

6 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 6 Turkey – Major Economic Indicators

7 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 7 FDI Inflows

8 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 8 Infrastructure-related Factors Adversely Effecting Turkey’s Competitiveness TurkeyPoland Czech Rep. Hungar y Share of high technology export (%, 2006)1.503.8114.1023.99 Ratio of illiterates (%, + 15 age, 2005)12.6111 Pupil/teacher ratio in primary education (%, 2005)25.8011.6617.5310.61 Telecommunication investments (ratio to GDP, 2006)0.220.720.440.37 Number of internet users (per 1000 population, 2007)241413587443 Electricity cost in industry ($/kwh, 2006)0.100.0730.0940.105 Human Development Index (2005)0.780.870.890.87 Number of computers (per 1000 population, 2007)83260375306 Life expectancy at birth (2005)71.575.076.073.0 R&D investments (USD per capita, 2006)39.749.8215.1112.1 Source: IMD World Competitiveness Report, 2008

9 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 9 1990-19971998-2001 2002- 2006 Agriculture15.714.711.2 Industry 25.623.826.3 Service58.761.562.5 Sector Shares in GDP*, period average, % % % 10-24 25-49 50-99 100-199 200-499 500-999 1000+ 10-24 25-49 50-99 100-199 200-499 500-999 1000+ Enterprises in Manufacturing Employment in Manufacturing  The share of agriculture in GDP and employment declines constantly.  Employment share of agriculture is still very high.  Turkish industrial structure is characterized by a majority of small and medium sized enterprises. Output and Industrial Structure 1990-19971998-2001 2002- 2005 Agriculture44.538.834.1 Industry 16.117.418.4 Service39.343.847.6 Sector Shares in Employment

10 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 10 Kişi Başına GSYİH Büyüme Oranı, 1926-2005 (5-yıl hareketli ortalama)

11 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 11 HC Indicators for Turkey IndicatorsSourceStart Year End Year *HCA_1: Proportion of total population having completed at least upper secondary education EUROSTAT, OECD20002007 HCA_2: Proportion of active population using a computer for professional purposes that had computer training HCA_3: Proportion of the adult population aged 25 to 64 participating in education and training EUROSTAT20002007 HCA_4: Researchers per thousand of employmentWORLDBANK20002006 HCA_5: Employment rateEUROSTAT20002007 *HCA_6: Employment in Knowledge intensive services and High tech & medium - high tech manufacturing EUROSTAT20062007 HCI_1: Total expenditure on education as % of GDPEUROSTAT19942004 HCI_2: Total public expenditure on labor market policy measures as % of GDP *HCE_1: GDP per hour worked (as % of US)OECD20042007 HCE_2: Value added of knowledge intensive services, relative to GDP

12 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 12 SC Indicators for Turkey SCA_1: Percentage of households who have Internet access at home EUROSTAT200 3 2004 SCA_2: Percentage of enterprises who have access to InternetTURKSTAT200 5 2008 SCA_3: Number of patent applications to the European Patent Office (EPO) per million inhabitants EUROSTAT199 4 2005 SCA_4: Number of patent applications to the US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) per million inhabitants EUROSTAT199 1 2002 SCA_5: Number of scientific publications per million inhabitantsWorld Competitiveness Yearbook 200 1 2005 *SCA_6: Enterprise environment indicator from World Economic Forum World Competitiveness Yearbook 200 5 2008 *SCA_7: Entrepreneurial attitudeTURKSTAT200 2 2006 SCA_9: Time required to start a new businessWORLDBANK200 5 2007 *SCA_10: Venture Capital Investment as % of GDPWorld Competitiveness Yearbook 200 5 2008 SCA_11: Number of EU directives not notified SCA_12: General government consolidated gross debt as a percentage of GDP EUROSTAT200 1 2007

13 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 13 SC Indicators for Turkey SCI_1: Gross domestic expenditure on R&D as of GDPEUROSTAT, OECD19902006 SCI_2: Expenditure for IT hardware, equipment, software and other services as a percentage of GDP SCE_1: Percentage of businesses using the Internet for purchasing and selling TURKSTAT2005 SCE_2: Birth rate of enterprises *SCE_3: The share of persons with an equivalised disposable income below the risk-of-poverty threshold EUROSTAT20022003 *SCE_4: Value added of high tech industry, relative to GDP TURKSTAT20002007 SCE_5: Life expectancy at birthOECD19902007

14 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 14 RC Indicators for Turkey RCA_1: Percentage of international meetings hosted RCA_2: SMEs involved in innovation co-operation *RCA_3: Foreign students as percentage of all students World Competitivene ss Yearbook -2005 *RCA_4: international outgoing telecom trafficEUROSTAT20032006 RCE_1: Breadth of international scientific collaboration RCE_2: Percentage of patents with foreign co- inventors RCE_3: Export of royalty and license fees RCE_4: Export of servicesEUROSTAT20002007 RCE_5: High tech exportEUROSTAT19992006

15 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 15 Substitute Indicators

16 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 16 Human Capital Assets *HCA_1: Proportion of total population having completed at least upper secondary educationEUROSTAT, OECD20002007 HCA_3: Proportion of the adult population (25-64) participating in education and trainingEUROSTAT20002007 HCA_4: Researchers per thousand of employmentWORLDBANK20002006 HCA_5: Employment rateEUROSTAT20002007 *HCA_6: Employment in Knowledge intensive services and High tech & medium - high tech manufacturing EUROSTAT20062007

17 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 17 Structural Capital Assets - I SCA_1: Percentage of households who have Internet access at homeEUROSTAT20032004 SCA_3: Number of patent applications to EPO per million inhabitantsEUROSTAT19942005 SCA_4: Number of patent applications to USPTO per million inhabitantsEUROSTAT19912002 *SCA_6: Enterprise environment indicator from World Economic ForumWorld Competitiveness Yearbook20052008 SCA_9: Time required to start a new businessWorld Bank20052007 *SCA_10: Venture Capital Investment as % of GDPWorld Competitiveness Yearbook20052008 SCA_11: Number of EU directives not notifiedNA

18 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 18 Structural Capital Assets - II SCA_2: Percentage of enterprises who have access to InternetTURKSTAT20052008 SCA_5: Number of scientific publications per million inhabitantsWorld Competitiveness Yearbook20012005 *SCA_7: Entrepreneurial attitudeTURKSTAT20022006 SCA_12: General government consolidated gross debt - percentage of GDPEUROSTAT20012007

19 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 19 Structural Capital Effects

20 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 20 Net and Gross National Income (PPP current dollars, 2006)

21 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 21 Triadic Patent Families - SCA (Granted by EU, US, Japan - 2005)

22 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 22 Expenditure on R&D - SCI (% of GDP, 2006)

23 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 23 Turkey/OECD - SCI R&D Expenditure as a percentage of GDP

24 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 24 Number of Researchers per 1000 employed - HCA (2006)

25 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 25 Researchers (Turkey / OECD, HCA)

26 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 26 Households with access to a home computer - SCA ( As a percentage of all households, 2006 )

27 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 27 Tertiary Type-A Graduation Rates* - HCA * Percentage of tertiary-type A graduates to the population at the typical age of graduation

28 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 28 Tertiary attainment rates (25-64, HCA) ( As a percentage of the population of that age group, 2005)

29 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 29 Total expenditure on educational institutions for all levels - HCI (As a percentage of GDP)

30 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 30 Unit labour costs, business sector (Average annual growth in percentage, 2000-2006 )

31 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 31 Inflows of foreign direct investment - RCI (billion US dollars, average 2004-2006)

32 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 32 Ratio of the inactive elderly population aged 65 and over to the labour force (%)

33 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 33 Employment in manufacturing and services in affiliates under foreign control- RCE (As a percentage of total employment, 2005)

34 Towards IC Report for Turkey - 34 Turkey’s Participation in the European Knowledge Economy

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