1. Biography ► Biography- In a biography a writer tells the story of another person’s life ► Most biographers follow a strictly factual style or objective style. ► Objective writing is writing that presents facts without revealing the writer’s feelings and opinions on the topic. ► Subjective writing is writing that reveals the feelings and opinions of the writers ► Biographies inform readers of events that have been carefully researched. *Although biographies are primarily objective, many writers of biographies may include subjective details that reveal how the author feels about the topic.

2. Queen Elizabeth I by Milton Meltzer What textbook feature should you use to locate the page of the Queen Elizabeth I biography?

3. SQ3R ► Survey: Survey or preview the text. Glance at the headings, Vocabulary Words, Illustrations, Captions, and Read the first and last sentence of each paragraph ► Question: List the questions you would like to ask about the text.

4. SQ3R ► Read- Read to find ideas and information to answer your questions. TAKE NOTES! ► Retell- Write responses to your questions in your own words. ► Review- Review your notes and/or the main points of the text and re-read the parts of the text that you struggle to recall.

5. Survey/Questions Read/TAKE NOTES Retell/Answer Questions Why was Elizabeth I nickname Good Queen Bess?

6. RESEARCHING How could I locate more credible and reliable information about Queen Elizabeth I?

7. Primary Sources ► Primary sources provide first-hand testimony or direct evidence concerning a topic under investigation. ► They are created by witnesses or recorders who experienced the events or conditions being documented. ► Often these sources are created at the time when the events or conditions are occurring, but primary sources can also include autobiographies, memoirs, and oral histories recorded later.

8. Examples of Primary Sources ► Artifacts ► Photographs ► Memoirs ► Autobiographies ► Diaries ► Art ► Poems ► songs ► Maps ► Letters ► Oral histories/Interviews ► Legal/Personal records * Remember the source must be from the specific time period of investigation and be a first-hand account

9. Primary Sources and Queen Elizabeth I ► A letter from Queen Elizabeth I to Mary, Queen of Scots, October 1586. http://englishhistory.net/tudor/scot-letters.html ► A portrait of Elizabeth, Princess Elizabeth, by William Scrots in 1546. http://www.marileecody.com/gloriana/pri ncesselizabethscrots.jpg http://www.marileecody.com/gloriana/pri ncesselizabethscrots.jpg

10. Secondary Sources ► A secondary source is something written about a primary source. ► Secondary sources include comments on, interpretations of, or discussions about the original material. ► You can think of secondary sources as second-hand information.

11. Examples of Secondary Sources ► Encyclopedias ► Dictionaries ► Textbooks ► BIOGRAPHIES ► Documentaries ► Newspaper articles and magazine articles that provide commentary or analysis of a primary source. *Remember secondary sources are not written by witnesses of an event. Instead the person is removed from the event on which they write.

12. Secondary Sources and Queen Elizabeth I ► A biography, Queen Elizabeth, by Edward Spencer Beesly. Published in London by Macmillan and Co., 1892. ► Historical Dictionary of Elizabethan World ► Elizabeth, a documentary

13. Primary and Secondary Practice ► Look at the following sources on the history of England and determine if the source is primary or secondary.

14. The Bayeux Tapestry from 11c., recording the events of the 11c. Norman invasion of England PrimarySecondary

15. A cartoon of Queen Mary I of England from a website Primary Secondary

16. History of the World textbook Primary Secondary

17. A Film about Queen Elizabeth from 2001 Primary Secondary

18. Primary Secondary The Domesday Book which surveyed and recorded the lands and livestock of people in 1086 for King William I

19. Primary Secondary A biography about King Henry VIII of England

20. Primary Secondary The diary of Ann Boleyn, one of King Henry VIII’s wives.