1. Exceptions in PL/SQL Please use speaker notes for additional information!

2. Exceptions SET SERVEROUTPUT ON DECLARE v_idno VARCHAR2(5); v_yrgoal NUMBER(7,2); BEGIN SELECT idno, yrgoal INTO v_idno, v_yrgoal FROM donornew WHERE idno > 77777; IF v_yrgoal > 250 THEN v_yrgoal := v_yrgoal * 1.1; END IF; UPDATE donornew SET yrgoal = v_yrgoal WHERE idno = v_idno; EXCEPTION WHEN TOO_MANY_ROWS THEN dbms_output.put_line('Multiple rows meet criteria'); WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN dbms_output.put_line('Not a valid id #'); WHEN OTHERS THEN dbms_output.put_line('Undefined error occurred); END; / SET SERVEROUTPUT OFF SQL> edit preexcep1 There are no records with an id > 77777 so the no rows found error is returned and processed.

3. SQL> @ preexcep1 Not a valid id # PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. output EXCEPTION WHEN TOO_MANY_ROWS THEN dbms_output.put_line('Multiple rows meet criteria'); WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN dbms_output.put_line('Not a valid id #'); WHEN OTHERS THEN dbms_output.put_line('Undefined error occurred); END;

4. SQL> edit preexcep1x SET SERVEROUTPUT ON DECLARE v_idno VARCHAR2(5); v_yrgoal NUMBER(7,2); BEGIN SELECT idno, yrgoal INTO v_idno, v_yrgoal FROM donornew WHERE idno > 77777; IF v_yrgoal > 250 THEN v_yrgoal := v_yrgoal * 1.1; END IF; UPDATE donornew SET yrgoal = v_yrgoal WHERE idno = v_idno; /* The exception routine has been turned into a comment. EXCEPTION WHEN TOO_MANY_ROWS THEN dbms_output.put_line('Multiple rows meet criteria'); WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN dbms_output.put_line('Not a valid id #'); WHEN OTHERS THEN dbms_output.put_line('Undefined error occured'); */ END; / SET SERVEROUTPUT OFF Without exception SQL> @ preexcep1x DECLARE * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01403: no data found ORA-06512: at line 5

5. SET SERVEROUTPUT ON DECLARE v_idno VARCHAR2(5); v_yrgoal NUMBER(7,2); BEGIN SELECT idno, yrgoal INTO v_idno, v_yrgoal FROM donornew WHERE idno < 77777; IF v_yrgoal > 250 THEN v_yrgoal := v_yrgoal * 1.1; END IF; UPDATE donornew SET yrgoal = v_yrgoal WHERE idno = v_idno; EXCEPTION WHEN TOO_MANY_ROWS THEN dbms_output.put_line('Multiple rows meet criteria'); WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN dbms_output.put_line('Not a valid id #'); WHEN OTHERS THEN dbms_output.put_line('Undefined error occured'); END; / SET SERVEROUTPUT OFF SQL> edit preexcep1a Multiple records error SQL> @ preexcep1a Multiple rows meet criteria PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

6. SQL> SELECT * FROM ordline; ORDNO ITEM NUMORD ------ ---- --------- 000001 1212 1 000001 2121 1 000001 2345 1 000002 1111 3 000002 3333 1 000003 3333 2 000003 3456 1 000004 1212 3 000004 1234 2 SQL> SELECT * FROM orderz; ORDNO CUSTI ORDATE ------ ----- --------- 000001 11111 10-JUN-99 000002 12121 10-JUN-99 000003 12345 10-JUN-99 000004 11111 08-JUL-99 Oracle error - not predefined SET SERVEROUTPUT ON DECLARE v_ordno ordline.ordno%TYPE :='123456' ; v_itemno ordline.itemno%TYPE :='1212'; v_numord ordline.numord%TYPE :=100; BEGIN INSERT INTO ordline VALUES(v_ordno, v_itemno, v_numord); END; / SET SERVEROUTPUT OFF SQL> edit nonpreex1x SQL> @ nonpreex1x DECLARE * ERROR at line 1: ORA-02291: integrity constraint (SCOTT.ORDNO_FK) violated - parent key not found ORA-06512: at line 6

7. SET SERVEROUTPUT ON DECLARE e_invalid_ordno EXCEPTION; PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(e_invalid_ordno, -2291); v_ordno ordline.ordno%TYPE :='123456' ; v_itemno ordline.itemno%TYPE :='1212'; v_numord ordline.numord%TYPE :=100; BEGIN INSERT INTO ordline VALUES(v_ordno, v_itemno, v_numord); EXCEPTION WHEN e_invalid_ordno THEN dbms_output.put_line('Foreign key problem - no ordno on ORDERZ'); WHEN OTHERS THEN dbms_output.put_line('Undefined error occured'); END; / SET SERVEROUTPUT OFF SQL> edit nonpreex1 Exception for non predefined error SQL> @ nonpreex1 Foreign key problem - no ordno on ORDERZ PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

8. User defined SET SERVEROUTPUT ON DECLARE e_numord_over200 EXCEPTION; v_ordno ordline.ordno%TYPE :='000003' ; v_itemno ordline.itemno%TYPE :='1212'; v_numord ordline.numord%TYPE :=300; BEGIN IF v_numord > 200 THEN RAISE e_numord_over200; END IF; INSERT INTO ordline VALUES(v_ordno, v_itemno, v_numord); EXCEPTION WHEN e_numord_over200 THEN dbms_output.put_line('NUMORD EXCEEDS 200 - USER RANGE ERROR'); WHEN OTHERS THEN dbms_output.put_line('Undefined error occured'); END; / SET SERVEROUTPUT OFF SQL> edit userexcep1 SQL> @ userexcep1 NUMORD EXCEEDS 200 - USER RANGE ERROR PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

9. SQL> CREATE TABLE test_ordline 2 (ordno VARCHAR2(6), 3 itemno VARCHAR2(4), 4 numord NUMBER(3) CONSTRAINT valid_numord_ch CHECK (numord <= 200)); constraint SQL> edit userexcep2 SQL> @ userexcep2 Error occurred PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. SQL> SELECT * FROM test_ordline; no rows selected SET SERVEROUTPUT ON DECLARE v_ordno ordline.ordno%TYPE :='000003' ; v_itemno ordline.itemno%TYPE :='1212'; v_numord ordline.numord%TYPE :=300; BEGIN INSERT INTO test_ordline VALUES(v_ordno, v_itemno, v_numord); EXCEPTION WHEN OTHERS THEN dbms_output.put_line('Error occurred); END; / SET SERVEROUTPUT OFF

10. SQL> @ userexcep2a Error -2290 ORA-02290: check constraint (SCOTT.VALID_NUMORD_CH) violated PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. SQL> edit userexcep2a Constraint - version 2 SET SERVEROUTPUT ON DECLARE v_err_code NUMBER; v_err_msg VARCHAR2(255); v_ordno ordline.ordno%TYPE :='000003' ; v_itemno ordline.itemno%TYPE :='1212'; v_numord ordline.numord%TYPE :=300; BEGIN INSERT INTO test_ordline VALUES(v_ordno, v_itemno, v_numord); EXCEPTION WHEN OTHERS THEN v_err_code:= SQLCODE; v_err_msg := SQLERRM; dbms_output.put_line('Error '||TO_CHAR(v_err_code)||' '||v_err_msg); END; / SET SERVEROUTPUT OFF

11. Constraint - version 3 SQL> edit userexcep2b SQL> @ userexcep2b Constraint problem - numord > 200 PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. SET SERVEROUTPUT ON DECLARE e_invalid_numord EXCEPTION; PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(e_invalid_numord, -2290); v_err_code NUMBER; v_err_msg VARCHAR2(255); v_ordno ordline.ordno%TYPE :='000003' ; v_itemno ordline.itemno%TYPE :='1212'; v_numord ordline.numord%TYPE :=300; BEGIN INSERT INTO test_ordline VALUES(v_ordno, v_itemno, v_numord); EXCEPTION WHEN e_invalid_numord THEN dbms_output.put_line('Constraint problem - numord > 200'); WHEN OTHERS THEN v_err_code:= SQLCODE; v_err_msg := SQLERRM; dbms_output.put_line('Error '||TO_CHAR(v_err_code)||' '||v_err_msg); END; / SET SERVEROUTPUT OFF

12. SET SERVEROUTPUT ON DECLARE e_numord_over200 EXCEPTION; v_err_code NUMBER; v_err_msg VARCHAR2(255); v_ordno ordline.ordno%TYPE :='500003' ; v_itemno ordline.itemno%TYPE :='1212'; v_numord ordline.numord%TYPE :=200; BEGIN IF v_numord > 200 THEN RAISE e_numord_over200; END IF; INSERT INTO ordline VALUES(v_ordno, v_itemno, v_numord); EXCEPTION WHEN e_numord_over200 THEN dbms_output.put_line('NUMORD EXCEEDS 200 - USER RANGE ERROR'); WHEN OTHERS THEN v_err_code:= SQLCODE; v_err_msg := SQLERRM; dbms_output.put_line('Undefined error '||TO_CHAR(v_err_code)||' '||v_err_msg); END; / SET SERVEROUTPUT OFF SQL> edit funcexcep1 SQL> @ funcexcep1 Undefined error -2291 ORA-02291: integrity constraint (SCOTT.ORDNO_FK) violated - parent key not found PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

13. LOOP SQL> edit testexception SET SERVEROUTPUT ON DECLARE e_yrgoal_less100 EXCEPTION; v_idno donortest.idno%TYPE; v_name donortest.name%TYPE; v_yrgoal donortest.yrgoal%TYPE; CURSOR c_donor IS SELECT idno, name, yrgoal FROM donortest; BEGIN OPEN c_donor; LOOP FETCH c_donor INTO v_idno, v_name, v_yrgoal; EXIT WHEN c_donor%NOTFOUND; IF v_yrgoal < 100 THEN RAISE e_yrgoal_less100; END IF; dbms_output.put_line('Row processed: '|| v_name); END LOOP; EXCEPTION WHEN e_yrgoal_less100 THEN dbms_output.put_line(‘YRGOAL < 100 ERROR’); WHEN OTHERS THEN dbms_output.put_line('Undefined error occurred); END; / SET SERVEROUTPUT OFF

14. SQL> select * from donortest; IDNO NAME STADR CITY ST ZIP DATEFST YRGOAL CONTACT ----- --------------- --------------- ---------- -- ----- --------- --------- ------------ 11111 Stephen Daniels 123 Elm St Seekonk MA 02345 03-JUL-98 1237.16 Amy Costa 12121 Jennifer Ames 24 Benefit St Providence RI 02045 24-MAY-97 885.78 Susan Jones 22222 Carl Hersey 24 Benefit St Providence RI 02045 03-JAN-98 100 Susan Jones 23456 Susan Ash 21 Main St Fall River MA 02720 04-MAR-92 209.09 Amy Costa 33333 Nancy Taylor 26 Oak St Fall River MA 02720 04-MAR-92 66.55 John Adams 34567 Robert Brooks 36 Pine St Fall River MA 02720 04-APR-98 63.53 Amy Costa 56789 Alice Riley 123 Elm Chicago IL 07812 12-DEC-98 450 John Adams 67676 Jim Ryan 12 Elm St. Hingham MA 02043 20-AUG-99 6666 Amy Costa LOOP SQL> @ testexception Row processed: Stephen Daniels Row processed: Jennifer Ames Row processed: Carl Hersey Row processed: Susan Ash YRGOAL < 100 ERROR PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.