1. Economic characteristics: Main changes to chapter CES 6 th Meeting: Experts on Population & Housing Censuses 23-26 September 2014, Geneva, Switzerland Elisa Benes, ILO Department of Statistics

2. Contents Rationale Type of revisions introduced Main changes by section Some issues raised ILO Department of Statistics 2

3. Rationale for main chapter update International standards in labour statistics recently adopted: Resolution concerning statistics of work, employment and labour underutilization (19 th ICLS, 2013) –Updates standards on economically active population from 1982 –Sets new reference framework for work and labour market statistics Resolution concerning statistics on working time (18 th ICLS, 2008) –New working time concepts, including “hours usually worked” International Standard Classification of Occupations, ISCO-08 (2008) ILO Department of Statistics 3

4. Main type of revisions introduced Chapter structure –Minor reorganization of topics Updates as per new standards –Concepts, definitions, terminology, measurement guidelines Topics –Most topics retained –A few non-core topics removed usual activity, informal employment, time-related underemployment –One new topic & sub-classification added Persons in own-use production of goods Classification of persons outside labour force by labour market attachment ILO Department of Statistics 4

5. Main changes by section (I) 2010 CES Census RecommendationsNew draft chapter Introduction Economic activity of personsReference concepts -Work, -Forms of work Measurement in the population census -Forms of work suitable for measurement -Age limits Updated

6. Reference concepts: Work & forms of work Work concept: aligned with General production boundary Employment: more narrowly defined as work for pay or profit Reference concept for Labour Force status

7. Main changes by section (II) 2010 CES Census RecommendationsNew draft chapter Current activity status (core) -Employed persons -Unemployed persons -Population not currently active Labour force status (core) -Employed persons -simplified guidance for temporary absence -Unemployed persons -relaxation of job search no longer optional -Persons outside the labour force -New classif. by labour market attachment Usual activity status (non-core) -Usually active / Not usually active pop. -Difference between main & usual status -Rec. classification by activity status Removed as per 19 th ICLS resolution & country practice -Rec. classification by labour force status Providers of unpaid services, volunteers (non-core) Defined under “Reference concepts” Measure in hh surveys or census long-form Updated

8. New optional classification of POLF by labour market attachment Employed (for pay/profit) Unemployed (seeking AND available) Persons outside the labour force (POLF) –Seeking, not available –Available, not seeking –Others, want work –Others, do not want work Potential labour force Labour force

9. Usual activity status: Why proposed for removal? Problems with data quality (recall) Multiple approaches used leading to different results –Recall by month –Single recall over long reference period –Job-based recall –Different reference periods used (6 months, 12 months) Often mixed with main activity Limited implementation particularly in population census Removed from international standards by 19 th ICLS ILO Department of Statistics 9

10. Usual activity status: 2010 Round of Population Censuses TotalCurrent activity statusUsual activity statusUnclear Africa271935 America (North)181710 America (South)6600 Asia271971 Europe242103 Oceania222101 World1241031110 ILO Department of Statistics 10

11. Main changes by section (III) 2010 CES Census RecommendationsNew draft chapter Selection of “job” Incl. new definitions of “job” & “main job” Occupation (core) Ref. to ISCO-08 Industry (core) Ref. to ISIC rev. 4 & NACE rev. 2 Status in employment (core) Ref. to ICSE-93 Type of sector (non-core) Informal employment (non-core) Removed as per country practice Place of work -Type of place of work (non-core) Minor changes to align with intl. guidance No. persons working in local unit (non-core) Time usually worked (non-core)Hours usually worked (non-core) -Aligned with concept & definition of “hours usually worked” as per 18th ICLS resolution Time-related underemployment (non-core) Removed as per country practice 11 Updated

12. Main changes by section (IV) 2010 CES Census RecommendationsNew draft chapter Duration of unemployment (non-core) Duration of job search (non-core) -New definition of “job search” as per 19 th ICLS resolution Persons in own-use production of goods (core) Main source of livelihood (non-core) Income (non-core)Household income (non-core) -Definition aligned with intl. standards on household income & expenditure statistics (17 th ICLS, 2003) -Additional guidance on components of household income -Household surveys identified as more suitable data source Socio-economic groups (derived non-core) 12 Updated NEW

13. New topic: Persons in own-use production of goods Proposed as core topic given its relevance in certain contexts –However, for measurement ONLY as per national context Option to measure in short OR long reference period as per objectives –Short ref. period: for comparisons with employment & labour force status –Long ref. period: for focus on agriculture Activity scope: production of goods within SNA production boundary, when intended mainly for household or family use –Same as used in ISCO-08 to separately identify subsistence farmers, fishers, hunters and gatherers ILO Department of Statistics 13

14. National census example (1): Measured separate from employment ILO Department of Statistics 14

15. National census example (2): Measured separate from employment ILO Department of Statistics 15

16. National census example (3): Measured separate from employment ILO Department of Statistics 16

17. National census example (4): Measured as part of employment ILO Department of Statistics 17

18. Some other issues raised (I) Para. 33: Need to retain breakdown of unemployed to identify first-time job seekers? (1.0) Labour force (1.1) Employed (1.2) Unemployed, of which Unemployed, never worked before (2.0) Outside the labour force... Para. 51: Treatment of owner-managers of incorporated enterprises –Recognizes both EU SNA recommendations and ISCE-93 ILO Department of Statistics 18

19. Some other issues raised (II) Para. 33: Need to retain breakdown of unemployed to identify first-time job seekers? (1.0) Labour force (1.1) Employed (1.2) Unemployed, of which Unemployed, never worked before (2.0) Outside the labour force... Para. 51: Treatment of owner-managers of incorporated enterprises –Recognizes both EU SNA recommendations and ISCE-93 ILO Department of Statistics 19

20. ILO Department of Statistics 20

21. Resources and Contact 19 th International Conference of labour statisticians http://www.ilo.org/19thicls ICLS Resolutions and Guidelines http://www.ilo.org/global/statistics-and databases/standards-and-guidelines/ STATISTICS contact statistics@ilo.org 21 ILO Department of Statistics