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Arecibo Frontiers – 12 Sep 2007 1 Beyond the Frontiers: The Road From Arecibo to The Radio Synoptic Survey Telescope (RSST) Steven T. Myers National Radio.

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Presentation on theme: "Arecibo Frontiers – 12 Sep 2007 1 Beyond the Frontiers: The Road From Arecibo to The Radio Synoptic Survey Telescope (RSST) Steven T. Myers National Radio."— Presentation transcript:

1 Arecibo Frontiers – 12 Sep 2007 1 Beyond the Frontiers: The Road From Arecibo to The Radio Synoptic Survey Telescope (RSST) Steven T. Myers National Radio Astronomy Observatory Socorro, NM

2 Arecibo Frontiers – 12 Sep 2007 2 What is the RSST?

3 Arecibo Frontiers – 12 Sep 2007 3 The Radio Synoptic Survey Telescope The RSST concept is for a “SKA-mid” facility –see “Chicago 3” meeting later this week Primary Science Goals –Cosmological HI Large Deep Survey (CHILDS) billion galaxies to z~1.5 (and beyond) redshift survey galaxy evolution –Deep Continuum Survey (DeCoS) radio photometric and polarimetric survey –Transient Monitoring Survey (TraMS) commensal with other RSST surveys

4 Arecibo Frontiers – 12 Sep 2007 4 What is the RSST? Radio? –core frequency range 0.4-1.4 GHz (z<2.5) A Square Kilometer Array –square kilometer of something (effective area?) –high gain/low noise A/T sys ≈ 2×10 4 m 2 K -1 don’t throw away all that collecting area! –wide field-of-view, target 1 square degree –“Areal Product” A  ≈ 10 6 m 2 deg 2 (at 1.4 GHz) A Survey Telescope –cover large areas of sky 10 4 deg 2 = ¼ sky

5 Arecibo Frontiers – 12 Sep 2007 5 The Synoptic Part Revisit the sky regularly –if you want to cover 10 4 deg 2 with 1deg 2 FOV –can do so in 1 day with 2-8 s per point –different parts of survey can have different depths (and thus cadences) What cadence? Depends on the science –many short visits or fewer longer ones? –looking for individual “bursts” or “pulses”? –looking for groups or trains of pulses? –classical variability curves (e.g. microlensing)?

6 Arecibo Frontiers – 12 Sep 2007 6 Arecibo as a RSST Precursor

7 Arecibo Frontiers – 12 Sep 2007 7 Numerology What about that A  thing? –Arecibo 90 m 2 deg 2 (single beam at 1.4 GHz) –vs. EVLA 2300 m 2 deg 2 (25x better but *) But, if A~n a D 2 and  ~n b ( /D) 2 –A  ~ n a n b –all single dishes the same for single feed –AO single beam 27x worse than EVLA Arecibo must multibeam, the more the better –bigger array (LNSD) or camera (Megapix) wins! –SKA ~ 10 4 beams × elements = 10 Megapix * EVLA has limited frequency coverage below 1GHz, and “starts” in 2010

8 Arecibo Frontiers – 12 Sep 2007 8 Perspective: Figures of Merit at 1.4GHz Areal Product –SKA: A  ≈ 10 6 m 2 deg 2 Area/Tsys –SKA: A/T sys ≈ 2×10 4 m 2 K -1 Survey Speed –SKA:  (A/T sys ) 2  ≈ 3×10 17 deg 2 m 4 K -2 Hz -1 –product of A  and A/T and  T Upshot for surveys: –AO and EVLA equivalent for 7 beams (ALFA) 0.002% of SKA

9 Arecibo Frontiers – 12 Sep 2007 9 Focus for Arecibo? My take … Must have large multibeam “camera” –ALFA 7x, ALFA++ 40, can we get 100? Should focus on interesting targets –make every beam count! –smaller surveys, like Virgo or galactic regions –hit targets matched to camera footprint –can be commensal with other observations Sensitivity = Thresholding –Arecibo has 0.03 square km eff. area (11 K/Jy) –can go deeply if interesting stuff in beam

10 Arecibo Frontiers – 12 Sep 2007 10 What Arecibo Provides Highest Instantaneous Sensitivity per beam –allows detection of faint phenomena –sets threshold for transient detections –sets depth of “survey” in pointing: d ~ A ½ Arecibo depth 17% of SKA! Not too shabby! Some key thresholds –see Cordes et al. SKA ScienceBook paper mostly continuum phenomena (possibly dispersed) 10  Jy-1Jy (ALFA 3Jy SEFD ~ 0.17 mJy in 1s) e.g. Crab giant pulses d ~ 1.6Mpc (A/A AO ) ½ –also HI threshold (see this afternoon session)

11 Arecibo Frontiers – 12 Sep 2007 11 Summary: Arecibo as a Precursor Arecibo can be profitably used to pioneer SKA science –but need to target key projects and objects Science it would be good to know… –giant pulsar pulses in nearby galaxies –radio bursts from extrasolar planets –HI galaxy mass function and bias –add to list from other talks at this meeting! These provide critical informed input to design of next generation projects

12 Arecibo Frontiers – 12 Sep 2007 12 RSST Roadmap

13 Arecibo Frontiers – 12 Sep 2007 13 What really needs to happen Need to write a White Paper for DR –assemble small “blue team” to write the case –need punchy science case –remaining technical development? –need “Phase A” level costing –put in front of “red team” next year –present to Decadal Review How does AO fit into the next decade? –Arecibo “White Paper” for DR? –need science output throughout decade

14 Arecibo Frontiers – 12 Sep 2007 14 For more information… RSST White Paper (draft) –on this conference website: http://www.naic.edu/~astro/frontiers/RSST-Whitepaper-20070910.txt SKA Info –http://www.skatelescope.org –particularly see the “Science Book” “The Dynamic Radio Sky” by Cordes, Lazio & McLaughlin “Galaxy Evolution, Cosmology, and Dark Energy with the SKA” by Rawlings et al.


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