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Participatory Approach. Background In 1960s, Paulo Freire developed a literacy program for peasants in Brazil. He started the dialogues about problems.

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Presentation on theme: "Participatory Approach. Background In 1960s, Paulo Freire developed a literacy program for peasants in Brazil. He started the dialogues about problems."— Presentation transcript:

1 Participatory Approach

2 Background In 1960s, Paulo Freire developed a literacy program for peasants in Brazil. He started the dialogues about problems in their lives. The dialogues became the basis for literacy development.

3 Background (cont.) Paulo Freire: “education is meaningful to the extent that it engages learners in reflecting on their relationship to the world they live in and provides them with a means to shape their world.”

4 Participatory Approach vs. Content-based Approach Widely discussed in 1980’s. Similar to content-based approach: -begins with content that is meaningful to the Ss.  Different with the nature of the content. Content that is based on issues of concern to Ss.

5 Goal Help Ss to understand the social, historical, cultural forces that affects their lives. Help empower Ss to take action and make decision to gain control over their lives.

6 Procedures Ss discuss the problem in their lives. T listens and takes notes. T leads questions with visual aids to get Ss to relate the problem to their experience. T proposes the question in an attempt to contextualise the problem.

7 Procedures (cont.) T records Ss’ answers. Ss writes down what they said and reread it, edit it and revise.

8 Conclusion Language focus is not established in advance. It follows from content and emerges from ongoing, collaborative investigations in Ss’ lives.

9 Conclusion (cont.) Auerbach (1992) “ Real communication, accompanied by appropriate feedback that subordinates form to the elaboration of meaning, is key for language learning.”


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