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02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.0331 22.033 Mission to Mars Presentation of proposed mission plan

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Presentation on theme: "02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.0331 22.033 Mission to Mars Presentation of proposed mission plan"— Presentation transcript:

1 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.0331 22.033 Mission to Mars Presentation of proposed mission plan http://web.mit.edu/22.033/www/

2 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.0332 Introduction Team Members: Dr. Andrew Kadak; Vasek Dostal; Kalina Galabova ; Knut Gezelius; John Koser; Joe Palaia; Nilchiani Roshanak; Eugene Shwageraus; Pete Yarsky

3 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.0333 Overview Statement of Purpose: –To form a plan for a series of Mars missions utilizing nuclear energy, which, through technological verification, will allow subsequent capability expansion and finally for a manned mission to Mars.

4 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.0334 Requirements and Constraints Demonstrate feasibility of nuclear powered space propulsion Allow safe transport of humans to and from Mars Expand the scientific capacity of individual missions Reduce astronauts’ radiation exposure Deployable by near term The technology is transformational

5 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.0335 Mission Objectives Total of 4 missions are planned. Manned missions will be scheduled to reduce exposure in CGR

6 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.0336 Mission 1 Nuclear Powered (100–200 kWe) Mars Telecommunications Satellite

7 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.0337 M1 Objectives –High data rate communication –Increase the science yield (data storage) –Validate space nuclear reactor technology –Validate reactor powered propulsion technology for Earth-Mars transfer. –Provide a platform for high power Mars orbit experiments (active radar) –Provide real-time orbital video and high resolution pictures

8 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.0338

9 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.0339 Mission 2 Nuclear Powered Mars Surface Lander with In-Situ Resource Utilization, Sample Return, and Demonstration of the Mars Transfer System

10 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.03310 M2 Objectives –Demonstrate LEO to LMO transfer –Demonstrate surface reactor operation –Validate ISRU –Demonstrate rover refueling operations –Provide surface data link to satellite –Fuel a sample capsule assent rocket –Launch a sample capsule to LMO –Demonstrate automated Mars orbital rendezvous –Return selected samples to Earth (ISS)

11 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.03311

12 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.03312

13 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.03313

14 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.03314 Mission 3 Manned Mission Precursor –Development and Demonstrate Infrastructure to prepare for arrival of the human crew.

15 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.03315 M3 Objectives -Define a robust planetary surface exploration capacity capable of safely and productively supporting crews on the surface of Mars for 500 to 600 days each mission -Define a capability to be able to live off the land -Ensure Infrastructure is operational before a crew is committed to the site

16 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.03316 M3 Phase 1 Launch a full scale NP ISRU Plant Demonstrate Large Scale ISRU on Mars

17 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.03317 M3 Phase 2 Launch Crew Habitat Module into LEO after successfully completing Phase 1.

18 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.03318 M3 Phase 3 Dock Habitat with ISS Test Habitat Functionality at the ISS

19 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.03319 M3 Phase 4 Ascent Vehicle and Cargo is landed on the Mars surface near Large Scale ISRU plant

20 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.03320 M3 Phase 5 Power Systems and Rovers are Deployed Production of Propellant and Oxidizer Begins Ascent Vehicle Fueled

21 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.03321 M3 Phase 6 Unmanned Surface Habitat landed on Mars

22 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.03322 M4 Objectives –Land people on Mars and return them safely to Earth. –Effectively perform useful work on the surface of Mars. –Support people on Mars for 2 years or more without resupply. –Support people away from Earth for periods of time consistent with Mars mission durations (2 to 3 years) –Identify space transportation and surface systems consistent with objectives at affordable cost.

23 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.03323 M4 Phase 1 MTS deployed to Mars with Human Crew, Habitat, Second Ascent Vehicle, and Ground Rover

24 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.03324 M4 Phase 2 Human Crew lands on surface and positions habitats

25 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.03325 M4 Phase 3 Pressurized Rover docks with habitat

26 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.03326 M4 Phase 4 First Ascent Vehicle is used to send crew to LMO Second Ascent Vehicle is fueled and remains on Mars

27 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.03327 M4 Phase 5 Ascent Vehicle and human crew rendezvous with MTS for return trip to Earth

28 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.03328 M4 Phase 6 Crew returns to Earth Habitat and ISRU infrastructure and a fully fueled ascent vehicle are on Mars to support further, larger manned missions

29 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.03329 Technology Fission Options Option T/WPower [MW] Isp [sec]Thrust [kN]Technology status Nuclear thermal rocket/ Bimodal (NTR) 6-10500-5000900-1200100-1000Mature Nuclear Electric Propulsion (NEP) Particle-Bed/Vapor Core/Liquid Core 5-30<5000800-150010-1000Materials and Radioactivity Release Concerns Fission fragment rocket >10<100001000-1e63000Same as above

30 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.03330 Technology Exotic Options Option Energy sourceIsp [sec]ThrustTechnology Concerns Radioisotope poweredRadioactive isotope decay heat 700-8001 - 2 NMaterials cost and availability, low power Nuclear Pulse Rocket (ORION) fission2000-3000Mature but forbidden by international treaties. Inertial/Magnetic/Electri c confinement fusion (ICF)/(MFC)/(EFC) fusion20,00010,000 kNrequire substantial development effort Antimatter Propulsion Concepts matter-antimatter annihilation1,000-100,000uncertain, potentially deployable in a distant future

31 02.20.03 MIT : NED : 22.03331 Epilogue In Conclusion: –4 Missions planned to be completed before 2020 –Each mission builds off technology demonstrated in previous missions –Essential Infrastructure is developed and deployed on Mars to support further human exploration

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