1.  Understanding Timelines Mr. Pentzak Individuals & Societies

2. Bell Ringer # 7  What is the definition of the word “era”?  What events/inventions do you think can define an era?  What is the meaning of B.C./A.D. and B.C.E./C.E.?  What does “circa” mean?

3. Previously Used “B.C.”  “Before Christ”  No fixed “start” date  Ends at 1 B.C., all previous dates count down to one (example 150 B.C. would mean 150 years before the birth of Jesus)  No year zero! “A.D”  “Anno Domini” Latin for “Our year of the Lord”  NOT “After Death” otherwise the calendar would be missing the three decades  Starts at 1 A.D. and counts up (example, 2014 A.D. would mean 2014 years since the birth of Jesus)

4. Currently Used “B.C.E.”  Before Common Era  All B.C. years = B.C.E. years  It has been proposed to simply use a “-” in front of a year to signify B.C.E./B.C. “C.E.”  “Common Era”  All A.D. years = C.E. years  It has been proposed to simply use a “+” in front of a year to signify C.E./A.D.

5. Why change the way we record time?  Bias in the way history was recorded  The calendar the United States uses (along with most of the Western World) is the Gregorian Calendar  When are banks, business, government offices closed?  Does the B.C./A.D. format accurately represent the population that uses it?

6. World Religions  Total World Population- 7.3 Billion  Christianity- 2.1 Billion  Islam- 1.6 Billion  Non-Religious/Secular- 1.1 Billion  Hinduism- 1 Billion  Buddhism- 376 Million  Judaism- 14 Million

7. Regardless…  Same events, years, counting system, just different letters  Think of it as a number line, B.C.E. = a negative number and C.E. = a positive number  This class will use the B.C.E. and C.E. dating system

8. Other things to know  When you see the word “circa” or the letter “c.” in front of a date, it means approximately  Decades last ten years (example the ‘90s, the ‘80s)  Centuries last one hundred years, and start on the “01” year (example 1901 C.E. marks the start of of the 20 th Century)  1 C.E.-100 C.E. = 1 st century, we are in the 21 st century of the Common Era now

9. Ordering Events  As a class, we will have to reorder a timeline of historical events  There will be B.C., B.C.E., A.D., and C.E. events  Everyone will get at least two events  This will be timed!

10. Homework  On my website, read the PDF posted about early human migration (one page)  After completing the reading, answer questions 1-8, identifying the reason for migration and stating whether or not it was a push or pull factor  This can be typed or handwritten, but you must bring your answers to class!