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Chapter 36 Section 1 Arthropoda.

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Presentation on theme: "Chapter 36 Section 1 Arthropoda."— Presentation transcript:

1 Chapter 36 Section 1 Arthropoda

2 Characteristics Lobsters, crabs, crayfish, spiders, & insects
Arthropods- members of the Phylum Arthropoda Segmented animals with appendages- such as legs & antennae Arthropod means “jointed foot

3 Characteristics Exoskeleton- protection & support
3 layers of exoskeleton Outer- waxy/protein- prevents water loss and drying out Middle- protection layer made of protein & chitin- tough carbohydrate Inner-flexible/muscles-movement

4 Characteristics Cephalization- brain/sensory structures located at anterior end Appendages around mouth to aid with feeding Antennae specialized for detecting chemicals

5 Characteristics Open circulatory system
Compound eyes- eyes made of many individual light detectors with lenses

6 Molting Molting- shedding of the exoskeleton to grow
Hormones trigger molting Arthropods usually hide during this stage because they are vulnerable to predators

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9 Evolution & Classification
Trilobites- ancient & extinct arthropod Tagma- specialized for feeding, locomotion, & reproduction Two major mouthparts: mandibles- jaw-like chelicerae- pincer-like

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11 REVIEW!!! Name three characteristics of arthropods.
Why do arthropods molt?

12 Section 2 Subphylum Crustacea
Chapter 36 Section 2 Subphylum Crustacea

13 Characteristics Two-pairs of antennae Mandibles
Pill bugs, lobster, crayfish Nauplius- free-swimming larva stage

14 Diversity of Crustaceans
Range of sizes, but most are small Copepods- no larger than a comma ( , ) Japanese spider crab- 13 feet

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16 Aquatic Crustaceans Copepods- marine (plankton)
Water fleas (Daphnia)- freshwater Barnacles- marine- sessile; attach to many different surfaces Cirri- appendages that sweep food particles into barnacle’s mouth

17 Terrestrial Crustaceans
Isopods- pill or potato bug Lose water quickly through thin exoskeleton Live in moist environments Roll into a ball when threatened as a defense Feed on decaying vegetation

18 Crayfish Freshwater crustacean Similar to lobster
Well-studied because of abundance Decapods- crayfish, lobster, crab, & shrimp (10-feet)

19 External Structure Body divided into abdomen & cephalothorax- consists of head & thorax- eight segments & lies behind head Carapace- dorsal exoskeleton Abdomen- six segments behind cephalothorax

20 External Structure Two pairs of antennae- touch & taste
Antennules- touch, taste, balance Mandibles- chew food Maxillae- manipulate food & draw water over gills Maxillipeds- manipulate food

21 External Structure Cheliped- capture food & pincer defense
Swimmeret- creating water current & transferring sperm Telson & uropods- paddle-like tail Move in backward movement called “tail flip”

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23 Digestion Esophagus  stomach  teeth-like structures in stomach grind food to fine paste  mixed with enzymes secreted by digestive gland  enters intestine for digestion & absorption  anus

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25 Respiration Feather-like gills for respiration
As crayfish walk, circulate water over gills

26 Circulation Open-circulatory system Circulatory fluid called hemolymph
Exchanges carbon dioxide with oxygen in water Gills  dorsal part of crayfish  heart

27 Excretion Green glands- excess water, along with wastes is eliminated
Waste from green glands leaves through a pore at the base of the antennae

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29 Neural Control Ganglia Controls mandibles, maxillae, & maxillipeds
Ventral nerve cord runs from the ganglia into the thorax & abdomen

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31 Sensory Organs Sense vibrations & chemicals by sensory hairs over entire body Compound eye sense light

32 REVIEW!!! Name three appendages of the crayfish and the function of each appendage. How do crayfish digest food? How do crayfish sense their environment?


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