1. Julius Caesar

2. Anticipation Guide 1) When Sulla retired a new group of generals fought for control of Rome. Before________ After________ 2) A Triumvirate is a group of three people with equal power. Before________ After________ 3) Caesar made citizens pay to watch gladiatorial games, this made him very unpopular. Before________ After________ 4) Caesar disbanded the Senate. Before________ After________ 5) Caesar was stabbed to death by the Senate. Before________ After________

3. First Roman Triumvirate When Sulla retired, a new group of generals fought for control of Rome. In 60 B.C., political power passed to a triumvirate, or a group of three persons with equal power.

4. First Roman Triumvirate Who made up the first Roman Triumvirate? Marcus Licinius Crassus Gnaeus Pompeius Julius Caesar

5. In 58 B.C., Caesar was named governor of a Roman province and built up a large, strong loyal army. In 50 B.C. the Senate ordered Julius Caesar. to break up his legions and return to Rome. Instead, Caesar entered the city at the head of his troops, and by 46 B.C., he was dictator of Rome. Caesar brought about many reforms of land and wealth distribution.

6. Julius Caesar What reforms did Julius Caesar make? 1. Redistribution of land 2. Public Works projects( put people back to work) 3. Free gladiatorial games 4. Increased the size of the senate 5. Cut back the activates of the Publicans 6. He gave Roman citizenship to non- Romans such as Greeks, Guals and Spaniards 7. And he adopted a new calendar (the Julian calendar)

7. Julius Caesar Some Romans were afraid that Caesar planned to make himself king. What happened to Caesar as a result of this fear? He was assassinated. When was Caesar assassinated? Caesar was assassinated by the senate. During the Ides of March.

8. Write Pair Share 1. List four reforms instituted by Julius Caesar. 2. Why was Julius Caesar killed? 3. Who made up the Second Roman Triumvirate? 4. By 31 B.C. Who was the sole leader of Rome?

9. End of the Republic Angered by Caesar death, the Roman People turned against those who had killed him. Political power passed to another triumvirate. Why would the citizens of Rome by outraged by Caesar’s death? His reforms benefited many Romans.

10. Second Roman Triumvirate Who made up the Second Roman Triumvirate? Marcus Antonius Marcus Aemilius Lepidus Octavian

11. Second Roman Triumvirate Marcus Antonius, or Mark Antony, Caesar’s closest follower and a popular general, took command of Rome’s territories in the East.

12. Second Roman Triumvirate Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, one of Caesar’s top officers, took over the rule of Africa.

13. Second Roman Triumvirate Octavian, Caesar’s grand-nephew and adopted son, took charge of the West. For a while, the triumvirate worked. Then fights broke out, leaving Octavian as sole ruler of the Roman Empire in 31 B.C.

14. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. 450 B.C. Twelve Tables are written 509 B.C. Romans set up republic 46 B.C. Julius Caesar appointed dictator of Rome 264 B.C. Punic Wars begin 31 B.C. Octavian becomes sole ruler of Roman Empire