1. University of Thessaly Laboratory of Demographic and Social Analyses Spatial partitioning of population according to religion in Thrace (Greece) Michalis Agorastakis*, Byron Kotzamanis*, Seraphim Alvanides** *University of Thessaly, Department of Planning and Regional Development, Laboratory of Demographic and Social Analyses Pedion Areos, 38334 Volos Greece; email: magorast@prd.uth.gr, bkotz@prd.uth.grmagorast@prd.uth.grbkotz@prd.uth.gr **School of Geography, Politics & Sociology University of Newcastle upon Tyne Newcastle NE1 7RU, UK; email: s.alvanides@newcastle.ac.uks.alvanides@newcastle.ac.uk

2. INTRODUCTION Greece – Only country in the South-eastern Europe (Balkan) region characterized by intense national homogeneity (96% Census 1991, 90% Census 2001) Only exception is the region of Thrace (North – Eastern) Heterogeneity concerning Religion and Language University of Thessaly Laboratory of Demographic and Social Analyses Especially in Xanthi - Rodopi International Agreements Past Movements According to 1928 & 1951 Census Majority of Muslim Population 49,5 % in 1928 (Xanthi-Rodopi) 44,7% and 55,8% in 1951 Various Muslim ethnicities Pomaks Turkish ethnic affiliation group Rom What happened since 1951?

3. Census Data – No data concerning religion or language since 1951 Ministry of Internal Affairs I.D. Cards Data Sets & Methodology National Statistical Service (ESYE) Yearly Distribution of Marriages per religion Yearly Distribution of Births per religion Yearly Distribution of Deaths per religion “Case Sensitive” Data Not available Usage of secondary (available) variables Indirect segregation of Christians & Muslims Step by step approach From Municipal to the lower administrative level (from 22 to 127 units) The differentiated intensity demographic behavior between population groups contributes to the preservation of religious and linguistic heterogeneity Established Hypothesis

4. 1951 Census 2001 Census

5. University of Thessaly Laboratory of Demographic and Social Analyses CLASSIFICATION OF SPATIAL UNITS ACCORDIND TO POPULATION STRUCTURES (MUNICIPALITIES, 22 units) XANTHI 2001 RODOPI 2001 Group A Group B

6. University of Thessaly Laboratory of Demographic and Social Analyses CLASSIFICATION OF SPATIAL UNITS ACCORDIND TO COMPLETED FERTILITY (CF) (1950 – 1954) (MUNICIPALITIES) Group 1: Especially High CF (3,5-4,3 childr./wom.) Muslim Population Group 2: High CF (2,5-3,2) Majority of Muslim Population Group 3: Medium CF (2,0-2,25 ) Mixed Population Group 4: Low fertility Majority of or Christian Population High fertility = Young demographic structures Low fertility = older demographic structures

7. University of Thessaly Laboratory of Demographic and Social Analyses CLASSIFICATION OF SPATIAL UNITS ACCORDIND TO SELECTED VARIABLES (MUNICIPALITIES) VARIABLES USED Large age groups (0-14/15-44/45-64/65+) Replacement Index ( 15-19/ 60-64 years) Average household size ( persons/household) Large households ( % of >5 members) Completed Fertility (children/women, cohort 1950-1954)

8. University of Thessaly Laboratory of Demographic and Social Analyses CLASSIFICATION OF SPATIAL UNITS ACCORDIND TO SELECTED VARIABLES (COMMUNES, 127 UNITS) VARIABLES USED VAR 1= 0-14 (%) VAR 2 = Mean Age (female) VAR 3= 65 + (%) VAR 4= Replacement Index VAR 5= Average household size J. Bertin Method of Classification

9. University of Thessaly Laboratory of Demographic and Social Analyses

10. University of Thessaly Laboratory of Demographic and Social Analyses CONCLUSIONS & DISCUSION Insufficient data can lead you to seek indirect data of presenting and record a phenomenon Segmentation of Administrative boundaries e.g. Xanthi is consisted of 37 Communes and Rodopi of 90. Original hypothesis needs to be verified Field work (Local reliable persons) Election results (Muslim elected representatives) Nuptiality and education level of women in selective age groups Mosque spatial distribution Minority schools Identification of population groups with similar demographic behaviour but different religion Demographic Convergence of population groups – Mixed populations according to religion in the same spatial entities

11. University of Thessaly Laboratory of Demographic and Social Analyses Thank you for your attention