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Published byEleanore Carpenter Modified over 8 years ago
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Punctuation Make It Your Ally; It’s Powerful
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Punctuation We’ll Cover Today ▪ Commas (,) ▪ Semicolons (;) ▪ Colons (:) ▪ Dashes (--) ▪ Hyphens (-)
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The Six Most-Common Comma Rules Between Two Independent Clauses Patrick loves baseball, and he coaches his son’s team. FANBOYS: For, And, Nor, But, Yet, So For an Introduction In the morning, she runs with her dog. When she lied, he left her. For a List or Series We need punch, balloons, and cupcakes. For a Nonessential Element The park, which has a lake, is a mile away.
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Commas Rules... ▪ For Direct Address Lorelei, I want you to come here. I want you, Lorelei, to come here. I want you to come here, Lorelei. Between Two Adjectives Before a Noun The sweet, old lady is rich and will die soon. The red brick building is beautiful.
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Semicolons ▪ To Separate Two Independent Clauses With No Conjunction Semeli loves to cook; she even takes cooking classes. To Separate Items That Have Internal Punctuation We visited Dublin, Ireland, Barcelona, Spain, Rome, Italy. What’s wrong with the above sentence? We visited Dublin, Ireland; Barcelona, Spain; Rome, Italy. We should have these items on hand: plates, cups, forks; paper, pens, erasers; candy, cupcakes, ice cream.
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Colons ▪ To Introduce a Long Quote ▪ When the Second Independent Clause Explains the First She loved her class: It made her think, and she learned. To Introduce a List but It Can’t Follow a Verb We need these items for the office party: cups, plates, and forks. We need: cups, plates and forks.
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Hyphen ▪ To Unify Elements second-place team tenth-anniversary party first-period class
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Dashes ▪ To Separate for Emphasis Exhausted – she collapsed after work. He asked her to marry him – finally! That student – the one in the green shirt – drives me nuts!
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