4. ☻65 Million Years to the Present ☻Starts from the end of the Cretaceous. ♫and the extinction of non-avian dinosaurs to the present. ♫shortest era

6. ☻Age of mammals ☻Age of flowering plants ☻Age of Insects ☻Age of birds

7. ☻Climates changed from warm and moist to cool and dry. ☻Some pants developed flowers and insects expanded. ☻Some large mammals evolved and the first whales evolved.

8. ☻The Neogene Period began about 24 million years ago ☻Connections between continents where created. ☻The continents collided and found modern mountains chains

10. ☻The mountains changed environment so animals had to change to adapt. ☻Continents positions changed ocean currents which changed the weather. ☻Connections between continents caused land animals migrations.

11. ☻During the quaternary period the positions of the continents were much the same as they are today ☻Various ice ages that come and go. Between 6 and 7 million years ago a group of mammals began an adaptive radiation that will lead to modern humans. There was so much frozen water that sea level fell over 100 meters

12. ☻The first homo sapiens occurred around 190,000 year in Africa. ☻As the brain got bigger, and we became smarter migrations to other continents occurred. ☻The low seas permitted easier migrations to continents. ☻Some scientists have concluded that the big mammals of the quaternary age disappeared because the hunting methods of humans. ☻During ice ages humans migrated to equator looking for warmer land, but as glairs melted they returned to the north.

13. ☻If earth history was compressed in one hour, flowers will only exist for the last 90 seconds., and humans for the last 7 seconds. ☻Some birds where 7 feet tall. ☻Which was the biggest mammal ever? ♫Indricotherium

14. ☻http://eonsepochsetc.com/Cenozoic/Neogene/Neogene_home. htmlhttp://eonsepochsetc.com/Cenozoic/Neogene/Neogene_home. html ☻http://www.fossils-facts-and- finds.com/quaternary_period.htmlhttp://www.fossils-facts-and- finds.com/quaternary_period.html ☻Miller and Levine Biology textbook, 2010, web page www.biology.com