1. ICMP https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

2. ICMPv6 Packet format 1 The checksum field provides a minimal level of integrity verification for the ICMP message. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

3. ICMPv6 Message processing 1 An ICMP error message must never be sent in response to another ICMP error message. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

4. Ping (networking utility) ICMP packet 1 Checksum (16 bits), calculated with the ICMP part of the packet (the IP header is not used). It is the 16-bit one's complement of the one's complement sum of the ICMP message starting with the Type field https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

5. Ping (networking utility) ICMP packet 1 Header Data (32 bits) field, which in this case (ICMP echo request and replies), will be composed of identifier (16 bits) and sequence number (16 bits). https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

6. ICMPv6 1 Internet Control Message Protocol version 6 (ICMPv6) is the implementation of the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) for Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) defined in RFC 4443. ICMPv6 is an integral part of IPv6 and performs error reporting and diagnostic functions (e.g., ping), and has a framework for extensions to implement future changes. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

7. ICMPv6 1 Several extensions have been published, defining new ICMPv6 message types as well as new options for existing ICMPv6 message types. Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) is a node discovery protocol in IPv6 which replaces and enhances functions of ARP. Secure Neighbor Discovery Protocol (SEND) is an extension of NDP with extra security. Multicast Router Discovery (MRD) allows discovery of multicast routers. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

8. ICMPv6 - Technical details 1 ICMPv6 messages may be classified into two categories: error messages and information messages. ICMPv6 messages are transported by IPv6 packets in which the IPv6 Next Header value for ICMPv6 is set to 58. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

9. ICMPv6 - Types of ICMPv6 messages 1 139ICMP Node Information Query0The Data field contains an IPv6 address which is the Subject of this Query. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

10. ICMPv6 - Types of ICMPv6 messages 1 140ICMP Node Information Response0 A successful reply. The Reply Data field may or may not be empty. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

11. ICMPv6 - Types of ICMPv6 messages 1 Note that the table above is not comprehensive. The current complete list of assigned ICMPv6 types can be found at this link: IANA: ICMPv6 Parameters. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

12. ICMPv6 - Message checksum 1 Note that this differs from the way it is calculated for IPv4 in ICMP, but is similar to the calculation done in TCP. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

13. ICMPv6 - Message checksum 1 ICMPv6 pseudo- header https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

14. ICMP Echo Request 1 Ping operates by sending Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo request packet (information technology)|packets to the target host and waiting for an ICMP response https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

15. ICMP Echo Request 1 Ping may be abused as a simple form of denial-of-service attack in the form of a ping flood, in which the attacker overwhelms the victim with ICMP echo request packets. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

16. ICMP Echo Request - History 1 The ping utility was authored by Mike Muuss in December 1983 as a tool to troubleshoot problems in an IP network. He was inspired by a remark by David_L._Mills|David Mills on using ICMP echo packets for IP network diagnosis and measurements.[http://ftp.arl.army.mil/~mike/pi ng.html The Story of the PING Program], Mike Muuss Mike named it after the sound that sonar makes, since its methodology is similar to sonar's echo location. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

17. ICMP Echo Request - ICMP packet 1 ** Checksum (16 bits), calculated with the ICMP part of the packet (the IP header is not used). It is the 16-bit one's complement of the one's complement sum of the ICMP message starting with the Type field https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

18. ICMP Echo Request - ICMP packet 1 ** Header Data (32 bits) field, which in this case (ICMP echo request and replies), will be composed of identifier (16 bits) and sequence number (16 bits). https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

19. ICMP Echo Request - Echo request 1 The echo request (ping) is an Internet Control Message Protocol|ICMP message whose data is expected to be received back in an echo reply (pong). The host must respond to all echo requests with an echo reply containing the exact data received in the request message. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

20. ICMP Echo Request - Echo reply 1 The echo reply (pong) is an ICMP message generated in response to an echo request, and is mandatory for all hosts and Router (computing)|routers. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

21. ICMP Echo Request - Other replies 1 In case of error, destination host or intermediate router will send back an ICMP error message, i.e. host unreachable or TTL exceeded in transit. In addition these messages include the first 8 bytes of original message (in this case header of ICMP echo request, including quench value), so ping utility can match it to originating query. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

22. ICMP Echo Request - Other types of pinging 1 In various network multi-player games, a ping (video gaming)|video game ping performs a similar function as the ping program for Internet traffic. The game server measures the time required for a game packet to reach a client and a response to be received. This round-trip time is usually reported as the player's ping. It is an effective measurement of the player's latency (engineering)|latency, with lower ping times being desirable. This style of ping typically does not use ICMP packets. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

23. IPv6 transition mechanisms - Stateless IP/ICMP Translation 1 The prefix was chosen to yield a zero- valued checksum to avoid changes to the transport protocol header checksum.RFC 2765 - Stateless IP/ICMP Translation Algorithm (SIIT), E https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

24. IPv6 transition mechanisms - Stateless IP/ICMP Translation 1 The specification is a product of the NGTRANS IETF working group, and was initially drafted in February 2000 as RFC 2765 by E. Nordmark of Sun Microsystems. RFC 2765 was obsoleted by RFC 6145 in 2011.RFC 6145 IP/ICMP Translation Algorithm The address format part of RFC 2765 is defined in RFC 6052.RFC 6052 - IPv6 Addressing of IPv4/IPv6 Translators The framework of IPv4/IPv6 translation is defined in RFC 6144.RFC 6144 - Framework for IPv4/IPv6 Translation https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

25. ICMPv6 1 'Internet Control Message Protocol version 6' ('ICMPv6') is the implementation of the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) for Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) defined in RFC 4443.RFC 4443, Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6) for the Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Specification ICMPv6 is an integral part of IPv6 and performs error reporting and diagnostic functions (e.g., Ping (networking utility)|ping), and has a framework for extensions to implement future changes. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

26. SoftEther VPN - VPN over ICMP, and VPN over DNS 1 A few very-restricted networks only permit to pass Internet Control Message Protocol|ICMP or DNS packets. On such a network, TCP or UDP are filtered. Only ICMP and DNS are permitted. In order to make it possible to establish SoftEther VPN client-server session via such a very- restricted network, SoftEther VPN has the VPN over ICMP and the VPN over DNS function. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

27. SoftEther VPN - VPN over ICMP, and VPN over DNS 1 Some public Wi-Fi can pass only ICMP or DNS packets https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

28. Ping command - ICMP packet 1 ** Payload for the different kind of answers; can be an arbitrary length, left to implementation detail. However, the packet including IP and ICMP headers must be less than the maximum transmission unit of the network or risk being IP fragmentation|fragmented. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

29. For More Information, Visit: https://store.theartofservice.co m/itil-2011-foundation- complete-certification-kit- fourth-edition-study-guide- ebook-and-online-course.html https://store.theartofservice.co m/itil-2011-foundation- complete-certification-kit- fourth-edition-study-guide- ebook-and-online-course.html The Art of Service https://store.theartofservice.com