1. The United States Civil War Chapter 14

2. The Secession Crisis The Withdrawal of the South

3. The Failure of Compromise –after Southern guns fire on Northern ship at Fort Sumter, one last effort at compromise

4. First Battle: Fort Sumter

5. The Opposing Sides North advantages South advantages

6. The Mobilization of the North Economic Measures –Homestead Act of 1862

7. Raising the Union Armies –1861 US army consisted only of 16,000 troops –Lincoln calls for an increase to 23,000 troops

8. The War and Economic Development* Lincoln and Wartime Politics

9. Lincoln and Wartime Politics Cont’d –Regarding the opposition to war (biggest problem) –Election of 1864

10. The Abolition of Slavery The Politics of Emancipation The Confiscation Acts –First Confiscation Act –Second Confiscation Act (considered “Radical”)

11. The Emancipation Proclamation *Fake Smile*

12. African Americans and the Union Cause –186,000 emancipated Southern blacks served as soldiers, sailors and laborers for Union forces

13. Thirteenth Amendment 1865: abolished slavery After War 1865: Freedman’s Bureau directed by General Oliver O. Howard *

14. The Mobilization of the South The Confederate Government –The Confederate Constitution –Jefferson Davis named President

15. Finance and Mobilization –The impossible task: raising money

16. Finance and Mobilization Cont’d –Mobilization decrease in volunteers in 1861

17. States rights versus Centralization –Greatest source of Southern Division during War

18. Military Strategy, Campaigns and Battles The Commanders –North –South

19. The Sea Power –Union had overwhelming advantage of naval power, served two important roles Europe and the Disunited States

20. The American West and the War Opening Clashes 1861

21. The Western Theater The Virginia Front

22. 1863: Year of decision –Hooker moves into position to attack Lee at Fredericksburg, but withdrawals

23. 1863: Year of decision Cont’d –Lee’s big decision: Invade the North, –Gettysburg, Pennsylvania July 1-3 1863, most celebrated battle of the war –Chattanooga

24. Last Stage: 1864 –1865 –Ulysses S. Grant (now head of Union army), plans two great offensives in 1864

25. Last Stage: 1864 –1865 Cont’d –Seizes and sieges Petersburg which is Richmond’s communication center...siege would last nine months

26. Last Stage: 1864 –1865 Cont’d –General Lee makes arrangements to meet with General Grant in the small town of Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia

27. Effects of War on Society Statistics –More than 618,000 Americans died during the Civil War, far more than the 115,000 that died during WWI and the 318,000 that died during WWII Inflation and Public Debt

28. Role of Women –In North: –In South: –U.S. Sanitary Commission and Dorthea Dix

29. Devastation of the South –Economic –Physical:

30. Devastation of the South Cont’d –Communities –Changing Labor Patterns