1. Deuterostomes and Chordates 1 BIOL 1407

3. Deuterostomes Phylum Echinodermata –Sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, crinoids Phylum Chordata –Tunicates, lancelets, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals

5. Phylum Echinodermata

6. Larvae: bilateral symmetry Adults: pentaradial symmetry Photo credit of pluteus larva: NOAA, 2001 Photo credit of adult brittle star: Larry Zetwoch, 1989, Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, NOAA

7. Water Vascular System Unique Hydraulic system used for feeding and locomotion Video of tube feet: http://www.youtube.com/w atch?v=sMgfZj3DsXY&fea ture=related http://www.youtube.com/w atch?v=sMgfZj3DsXY&fea ture=related Photo Credit: Dr. James P. McVey, NOAA Sea Grant Program

9. Phylum Chordata

10. Characteristics of Chordates Bilateral symmetry Triploblastic Coelomate Segmented

11. Other Chordate Characteristics Complete Digestive System Closed Circulatory System Respiratory System: Gills or Lungs Excretory System: Kidneys Centralized Nervous System

15. Unique Chordate Characteristics

17. Phylum Cephalochordata: Lancelets

18. Phylum Urochordata: Tunicates

19. Major Chordate Clades Craniates: Cranium –Vertebrates + Hagfishes Vertebrates: Vertebral Column –Gnathostomes: Jaws & Paired Appendages –Osteichthyans: Lung/Lung Derivatives –Lobe-finned Fishes: Limb Bone Pattern –Tetrapods: Four Well-Developed Limbs –Amniotes: Amniotic Egg

21. Hagfishes Craniates Head Simple cranium Not vertebrates

23. Characteristics of Vertebrates Vertebral Column Well- developed skull Photo Credit of Hippo skull: Raul654, 2005, Wikimedia Commons

24. Photo Credit for Platypus Skeleton at Melbourne Museum: Peter Halasz, 2006, Wikimedia Commons

26. Lampreys Vertebrates No jaws or paired appendages

27. Evolution of Jaws

29. Chondrichthyes Cartilaginous skeleton Jaws Present Paired Appendages

31. Osteichthyans Bony Skeleton Lung and Lung Derivatives Two Main Groups: –Ray-finned –Lobe-finned

32. Ray-Finned Fishes Fins are supported by fin rays Swim bladders Largest vertebrate group

33. Lobe-Finned Vertebrates Fins and limbs supported by internal bones and muscles

34. Photo Credit: Courtesy of Dennis Murphy, Devonian Times, http://www.devoniantimes.org/opportunity/tetrapodsAnswer.html http://www.devoniantimes.org/opportunity/tetrapodsAnswer.html Lobe-Fin Pattern

36. Video of Fish with Fingers: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/03/4/l_034_03.html http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/03/4/l_034_03.html

37. The End Unless otherwise specified, all images in this presentation came from: Campbell, et al. 2008. Biology, 8 th ed. Pearson Benjamin Cummings.