1. 788.11J Presentation “Deploying a Wireless Sensor Network on an Active Volcano” Presented by Ahmed Farouk Ibrahim Gaffer

2. Agenda The main idea –General description –How it works Main achievements Requirements of Studying Active Volcanoes Challenges Pictures Innovations Future work

3. THE MAIN IDEA

4. General Description Study an active volcanoes using a wireless sensor network. Use an array consisted of 16 node equipped with seismoacoustic sensors deployed over 3 km. The network is monitored and controlled by a laptop base station, located at a makeshift volcano observatory roughly 4 km from the sensor network itself.

5. How It Work When a node detects an interesting event, it routes a message to the base station laptop. If enough nodes report an event within a short time interval, the laptop initiates data collection protocol called Fetch. The laptop downloads between 30 and 60 seconds of data from each node using a reliable data collection protocol (Fetch).

6. How It Work (cont) ensuring that the system retrieves all buffered data from the event. When data collection completes, nodes return to sampling and storing sensor data.

7. MAIN ACHIEVEMENTS

8. The Main Achievements The new node are smaller, lighter, and consume less power. Developed a reliable data collection protocol Real-time network control and monitoring for data-acquisition equipments

9. REQUIREMENTS OF STUDYING ACTIVE VOLCANOES

10. Requirements of Studying Active Volcanoes high data rates, high data fidelity, Sampled data to be accurately time stamped, sparse arrays with high spatial separation between nodes.

11. CHALLENGES

12. The Challenges Low Radio Bandwidth of the network The physical deployment of the network The study requires high data fidelity, high data rates and sparse arrays with high spatial separation between nodes Reliable data Transmission and Time Synchronization

13. PICTURES

14. Deployment site Reventador Volcano, Ecuador

15. System Design

16. Network Topology

17. Sensor Deployment Map

18. The node

19. INNOVATION

20. Innovation Event Based Triggering Use a local buffer (memory) to store data Signal Processing Developed a reliable data-collection protocol (called fetch) to retrieve buffered data from each node Long-Distance radio link between the observatory and the sensor network

21. Future Work Improving sensor-network design and pursuing additional deployments at active volcanoes focus on improving event detection and prioritization optimizing the data collection path deploy a much larger (100-node) array for several months, with continuous Internet connectivity via a satellite uplink

22. QUESTIONS

23. THANK YOU