1. Basic Electronics Irish Mae E. Santiago III-Newton

2. Electronics- It is the study of the properties and behavior of electrons in various materials. By material, either by itself or as part of an entire circuits.

3. Electronic Materials Conductors – materials that readily pass charges from passing through it. Insulators - materials that totally prevents charges from passing through it. Semiconductors - materials that allow only some of the charges to flow through. Superconductors – materials that totally current to pass through, without any form of resistance.

4. Currents Current is the rate of the flow of charges, measured in Amperres (A). Cureents is what through a wire. And it is represented by an arrow, with a label i on top, the symbol of current. i = Q͟ t

5. The Unit of measurement for current is the ampere, or Amp for short, A as abbreviated. One ampere is equal to one coulomb of charge passing a point in a circuit in in one second. We should also remember that one coulomb is a lot of charge, 1C = 6 x 10 18 electrons.

6. Voltage A voltage or a potential difference is a measure of the work done on a charge and is measured in volts. V= W/Q

7. One volt is equal to one joule of work of coulomb of charge. (1V= J/C). Just a heat flows through a heat conductor until there is no longer a temperature difference, charge wants to flow through an electric conductor until there is no more potential difference(voltage) When measuring voltage, our reference point is usually called Ground or GND.

8. Capacitance A measure of the ability to store charge and energy in electric fields. To measure capacitance of a material, if a voltage V is attached to the material, the capacitance C depends on this equation: C= Q/v

9. Resistivity- the property of a material that is a measure of the ability to resist the flow of charges. This is dependent on the temperature of the material. This is opposite to another property of a material, its conductivity. Resistance- The characteristic of a material of a given dimension, a measure of the ability to flow of charges.

10. OHM’S LAW This is a simple relationship between cureent, voltage and resitance. V = i x R Ex. What is the voltage across a material if the current flowing through it is 2 amperes and the resistance is 100 ohms?

11. Given: Current(i) = 2 A Resistance(R) = 100 Ω Find: Voltage Solution: F: V= iR = 2 A (100 Ω) = 200 Volts

12. Electric Power One watt of power is equal to the work done in one second by one volt moving one coulomb of charge. Since one coulomb a second is an ampere. P = E x I P = I 2 x R P = E 2 / R

13. The Electric Circuit A connection of electric components forming a closed figure, or a loop. Open Circuit - is when two p0oints are not connected by anything. No current flows and nothing happens. If a wire in your vacuum cleaner breaks it can cause an open circuit and no current can flow so it does not do anything.

14. There may be a voltage between those two points but the current can not flow without a connection. - an open circuit provide no path. It is equivalent to an infinitely large resistance in the circuit and no current flows.

15. Short Circuit A short circuit occurs when two points with differennt voltage levels are connected with no resistance between two ppoints. This can cause in the large amount of current flow.