1. I CAN: Differentiate the symptoms of common sleep disorders Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007

2. Insomnia Involves…. Involves…. --insufficient sleep --insufficient sleep --the inability to fall asleep easily --the inability to fall asleep easily --frequent arousals --frequent arousals --early awakenings --early awakenings Sleeping pills makes this worse as they cut short REM sleep

3. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Sleep Apnea Respiratory disorder in which person intermittently stops breathing while asleep Each episode, called an apnea, lasts long enough so that one or more breaths are missed, and such episodes occur repeatedly throughout sleep. People with this disorder are often unaware of it They may simply complain of snoring or daytime sleepiness

4. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Narcolepsy Sudden REM sleep attacks accompanied by cataplexy Typically lasts about 15 minutes Usually brought on by emotional excitement Often attributed to dysfunction of brain-stem mechanisms associated with sleep-wake regulation

5. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Cataplexy A sudden loss of muscle control that occurs before narcoleptic sleep attack sleep paralysis A waking form of sleep paralysis Cataplexy may be partial or complete, affecting a range of muscle groups, from those controlling facial features to (less commonly) those controlling the entire body. Arm weakness Sagging jaw Drooping head Slumping of the shoulders Slurred speech Generalized weakness Knee buckling Possibly caused by abnormalities in the pons

6. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Night terrors The screaming of a child in deep sleep, who, once awakened, has no memory of what mental events might have caused the fear Night terrors are most prevalent in young children, but affect more than 2% of adults. NOT A NIGHTMARE!!

7. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 sleep deprivation A general lack of the necessary amount of sleep

8. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Microsleep An episode of sleep lasting for a fraction of a second or up to thirty seconds It often occurs as a result of sleep deprivation, or mental fatigue, sleep apnea, narcolepsy, or hypersonia.

9. CAN I? Differentiate the symptoms of common sleep disorders Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007