1. DSL Classification October 21-22, 2007 Benoît Langlois / Thales-EPM Consuela-Elena Jitia / Eric Jouenne, Thales Research & Technology The 7th OOPSLA Workshop on Domain-Specific Modeling October 21-22, 2007

2. DSL Classification – OOPSLA’07 – Domain-Specific Modeling Workshop Benoît Langlois, Consuela-Elena Jitia, Eric Jouenne 2 Issue DSL + Generation  Raising the Level of Abstraction Improving Productivity & Quality Dealing With DSL & DSL Tool VariantsIssue DSL Feature Model  Formalizing Variations Resolution Process: Actor? Guidance? Language: tree-based DSL or a set of data without real structure? Notation: Graphical or textual? Style: Declarative or Imperative? Transformation: Used transformation techniques? Update strategy of the produced artifacts: destructive or incremental? Execution: Compilation or Interpretation? Tooling: Assistance? Checking DSL1 DSL2 DSL3 DSL4 DSL5 DSL6 Reusability? Common vs. Specific Improving Capitalization / Reusability

3. DSL Classification – OOPSLA’07 – Domain-Specific Modeling Workshop Benoît Langlois, Consuela-Elena Jitia, Eric Jouenne 3 Agenda Issue DSL Feature Model Future Work & Issue

4. DSL Classification – OOPSLA’07 – Domain-Specific Modeling Workshop Benoît Langlois, Consuela-Elena Jitia, Eric Jouenne 4 Covered Aspects DSL Language Transformation Tool Process Mandatory Feature Optional Feature Alternative Features Inclusive-or Features Notation (FODA)

5. DSL Classification – OOPSLA’07 – Domain-Specific Modeling Workshop Benoît Langlois, Consuela-Elena Jitia, Eric Jouenne 5 Language Features Language Abstract SyntaxConcrete SyntaxASGASTDependencyTextGraphicAS2CSMetamodelCompositionStyleWizardTableSpecific Representation ImperativeDeclarativeRepresentation DSL Language TransformationTool Process Elements + relationships of a domain without representation consideration Specific representation of a DSL in a human-usable form

6. DSL Classification – OOPSLA’07 – Domain-Specific Modeling Workshop Benoît Langlois, Consuela-Elena Jitia, Eric Jouenne 6 Transformation Features Transformation SpecificationTarget Asset Operational Transformation DSL Language TransformationTool Process

7. DSL Classification – OOPSLA’07 – Domain-Specific Modeling Workshop Benoît Langlois, Consuela-Elena Jitia, Eric Jouenne 7 Specification Features DSL Language TransformationTool Process SpecificationTarget Asset Operational Transformation ViewpointAS2Solution Specification Problem Solution Mapping Model Transformation Viewpoints: Design, Implementation, Platform, Architectural Decisions, Non-Functional Constraints Examples: Persistence mapping, Deployment Complete & Exhaustive Specification Transcribes emerging transformation criteria

8. DSL Classification – OOPSLA’07 – Domain-Specific Modeling Workshop Benoît Langlois, Consuela-Elena Jitia, Eric Jouenne 8 Target Asset Features DSL Language TransformationTool Process Specification Target AssetOperational Transformation Asset UpdateAsset Integration DestructiveIncremental Target Asset RepresentationModelTextGraphicBinarySpecific Representation Asset Lifecycle DSL-to-DSL Transformation Process Concrete Syntax TextGraphic AS2CS Style Wizard Table Specific Representation Imperative Declarative Representation Matching Software Artifact, result of the transformation Assembling and Packaging Target Assets Destroyed & created at each generation Synchronization source/target

9. DSL Classification – OOPSLA’07 – Domain-Specific Modeling Workshop Benoît Langlois, Consuela-Elena Jitia, Eric Jouenne 9 Operational Transformation Features DSL Language TransformationTool Process Specification Target AssetOperational Transformation FormImplicitExplicitEnvironmentInternalExternalTransformation Technique M2MM2TT2TT2M Model/Text Technique Operational Transformation Execution Transformation Scheduling PhasingLocationInternalExternalAutomation LevelManualAutomatedModeCompilationInterpretationVariabilityStageTechnique Ordering Transformation Techniques realizing the AS2TA transformation Specification, Generation / interpretation, Compilation, Integration, Deployment, Execution

10. DSL Classification – OOPSLA’07 – Domain-Specific Modeling Workshop Benoît Langlois, Consuela-Elena Jitia, Eric Jouenne 10 Tool Features DSL Language TransformationTool Process DSL Tool Respect of AbstractionAssistanceQuality FactorProcess GuidanceStepWorkflowAdaptiveCheckingCompletenessConsistencyIntrusive transformation Seamless transformation FunctionalityUsabilityReliabilityEfficiencyStaticMaintainabilityPortability User has to be aware of internal transformation mechanisms & details or/and solution Transformation and solutions mechanisms & details are completely encapsulated Guiding the DSL Tool user during definition and transformation of domain data Non-Functional aspects of the DSL Tool

11. DSL Classification – OOPSLA’07 – Domain-Specific Modeling Workshop Benoît Langlois, Consuela-Elena Jitia, Eric Jouenne 11 Process Features DSL Language TransformationTool Process DSL Process GuidanceWork DefinitionRoleChecklistGuidelineConceptPracticeLifecycleIterationPhaseActivityTemplateTool Mentor Defines how projects with DSL technique must be executed

12. DSL Classification – OOPSLA’07 – Domain-Specific Modeling Workshop Benoît Langlois, Consuela-Elena Jitia, Eric Jouenne 12 Agenda Issue DSL Feature Model Future Work & Issue

13. DSL Classification – OOPSLA’07 – Domain-Specific Modeling Workshop Benoît Langlois, Consuela-Elena Jitia, Eric Jouenne 13 Future Work Interest of this study: Project 1: The DSL feature model has been experimented with a DSL tool factory of MDSoFa, a Thales software factory tool. Making explicit DSL tool variations which are implicit today. Project 2: Usage of different tools including a UML modeller, GMF, Xactium XMF-MOSAIC and Microsoft DSL Tool. Additional insight with regards to the classification provided in this paper, in a non-strictly software and code generation perspective.

14. DSL Classification – OOPSLA’07 – Domain-Specific Modeling Workshop Benoît Langlois, Consuela-Elena Jitia, Eric Jouenne 14 Conclusion Interest of the DSL feature model: Formalizing DSL and DSL tool variants. Applications: 1. Used by a DSL tool factory, which applies variations during production of DSL tools 2. Selection of pertinent DSL families among all possible families from the feature model 3. Definition of DSL tool foundations 4. Selection of DSL tools Extensible Feature Model Feature Model in the scope of domain analysis of DSLs. Prerequisite for long-term and large-scale DSL developments.