1. 2011 MF LRG New Orleans, LA Ground Testers: Two Types Fall-of- Potential “Stakeless” Clamp-on method.

2. 2011 MF LRG New Orleans, LA Garrison MALS Deployed MALS Fall-of-Potential Clamp-On Ground Testers YesNo

3. 2011 MF LRG New Orleans, LA Garrison MALS have Ground systems that can use the utility ground as a reference. Ground Tester, Clamp-on Ground Testers

4. 2011 MF LRG New Orleans, LA Deployed, Generator-Powered Complex Deployed with no good reference ground for the clamp-on tester. Fall-of-Potential Ground Testers

5. 2011 MF LRG New Orleans, LA 5 Clamp-On Ground Tester Clamp-on Tester: How it works Ground Meter Reading (R) = Rod Tested + Reference Ground R

6. 2011 MF LRG New Orleans, LA 1 -------------------------- 1/25 + 1/25 + 1/25 R = 25 + R = 25 + 8 = 33 ohms ( meter display) Example of Poor Ground Reference (3 rods) Actual Resistance Clamp-On Ground Tester

7. 2011 MF LRG New Orleans, LA 7 Clamp-on Tester: How it works Ground Meter Reading (R) = Rod Tested + Reference Ground R If Reference = ~1 ohm, then R ~ Rx Clamp-On Ground Tester

8. 2011 MF LRG New Orleans, LA 1 -------------------------- 1/25ohm (x 25 rods) R = 25 + R = 25 + 1 = 26 ohms ( meter display) Example of Good Ground Reference (25 rods) Actual Resistance Clamp-On Ground Tester

9. 2011 MF LRG New Orleans, LA Deployed, Generator-Powered Complex Deployed with no good reference ground for the clamp-on tester. Fall-of-Potential Ground Testers

10. 2011 MF LRG New Orleans, LA 10 Clamp-On Ground Tester: Operation Meter Applies Voltage Then Reads Amperage Calculates Resistance Meter must create circuit that goes through Earth

11. 2011 MF LRG New Orleans, LA Common Mistake: Ground loops False Reading. Not reading Ground Clamp-On Ground Tester

12. 2011 MF LRG New Orleans, LA Ground Grid or Multiple Ground Wire Connections Jumper Earth Clamp-On Ground Tester

13. 2011 MF LRG New Orleans, LA How often do I measure grounds? RTCASS – ground resistance reading once a year. More often if ground resistance varies. Soil moisture affects ground resistance. Seasonal differences in soil moisture.

14. 2011 MF LRG New Orleans, LA Garrison MALS Deployed MALS Fall-of-Potential Clamp-On Ground Tester Summary YesNo

15. 2011 MF LRG New Orleans, LA Questions?