1. Plant Transport Water Transport – 1. Enters root by osmosis – 2. Passes through cortex (parenchyma) tissue by osmosis – 3. Passes through endodermis One way only Combination of active transport and osmosis

2. Plant Transport Water Transport (cont) 4. Enters xylem Cohesion- – The attraction of water molecules to each other Transpiration- – The evaporation of water from the leaves of plants

3. Plant Transport Water Transport (cont) – 5. Transpiration Pull- The force that pulls water upward. Cohesion holds the water column together as it moves upward through the xylem

4. Plant Transport Food Transport – Requires energy (active transport) – Translocation- Movement of food through the phloem – Pressure Flow Hypothesis (source-sink) Food moves from an area of high pressure to low pressure

5. Plant Transport Food transport – High Pressure (Source)- Could be leaves when food is formed Could be areas of food storage (root, stem, etc) – Low Pressure (Sink)- Could be where food is used for growth. Could be where food is stored.

6. Plant Motions Auxins- – Plant hormones Stimulate or inhibit cells to grow Depends on the target organ – Stem growth- Auxins stimulate stem cell growth – Root growth- Auxins inhibit root cell growth

7. Plant Motions Tropism- – Response of a plant to environmental stimuli – Positive- Respond toward the stimulus – Negative- Respond away from the stimulus

8. Plant Motions Phototropism- – Response of plants to light Stem- positive

9. Plant Motions Gravitropism or geotropism- – Response of plants to gravity Stem- negative Root- positive

10. Plant Motions Thigmotropism- – Response of plants to touch Tendril- positive

11. Flowering Photoperiodicity- – Response of flowering plants to different light conditions Short day plants- – Flower when time exposed to light is short – ex. chrysanthemums & poinsettias

12. Flowering Long day plants- – Flower when the amount of time exposed to light is long – ex. clover, petunias, & hollyhocks

13. Flowering Day-neutral plants- – Length of light has no effect on flowering – ex. corn & tomato Actually the amount of darkness, not light, that stimulates these plants