1. Romanticism 1750- 1837 1798-1832

2. ROMANTIC MOVEMENT Affirmation in individuality, imagination, and nature Poetry most important literary form Nature Feelings Simple life Romantics saw society as an evil force molding and stunting its citizens.

3. PERIOD Mirrored French Revolution Rebellion against order and traditionalism of the Age of Reason. Earlier writers had respect for order, rules, and organization, but Romantics searched for a freer artistic form and embraced the bizarre, irregular, and unique

4. 18 th century man vs. Romantic man Reason, logic Objective issues that concerned society as a whole Order, form, stability Measured, correct position, standard Emotions and imagination Subjective experiences of Individuals Spontaneity, experimentation Primitive, irregular, bizzare

6. Poets who dominated period William Wordsworth William Blake Samuel Taylor Coleridge Lord Byron Percy Bysshe Shelley John Keats

7. Romantics preferred their NATURE wild and untamed.

8. William Wordsworth stated, “Enough of science and art;/ Close up those barren leaves;/ Come forth and bring with you a heart / That watches and receives.”

9. Another group whose lives had not been distorted by “civilized” values was the common people. Romantics were interested in the experiences of ORDINARY PEOPLE (THE COMMON MAN). Many Romantic writers used informal vocabulary and simple verse.

10. Romantics valued the Child. Children still had their imagination & innocence and their minds had not been shaped by society and formal education.

11. Romantics valued dreams, imaginations, fantasy, terror, and extreme mental states.

12. GOTHIC NOVELS Became popular Dark, remote settings like mysterious castles with terror and gloom 3 main ingredients to a gothic novel: – Mystery – Horror – Supernatural

13. Mary Shelley Only child of Mary Wollstonecraft, the famous feminist, and William Godwin, a philosopher and novelist. She was the wife of Percy Bysshe Shelley, famous Romantic poet.

14. Mary Shelley cont. From an early age she was surrounded by famous philosophers, writers, and poets. Her mother died in childbirth. Frequently visited mother’s grave learning to spell her name by tracing her mother’s inscription on the stone. At 16, she ran away to be with Percy who was married at the time. Father even cast her out

15. Frankenstein At age 19 after a series of of calamities (including death of her babies), she wrote Frankenstein.

16. Her death She died in 1851 of a brain tumor with poetic timing: The Great Exhibition, a showcase of technological progress, was opened (the same progress she warned against in her novel).

17. Frankenstein Era’s best-known gothic novel One of the 1 st English works of science fiction Published in 1818 Also referred to as the “Modern Prometheus” – Prometheus: symbol of creative striving in Greek mythology

18. Setting of the novel Late 1700s Europe: Switzerland, Germany; and in the Arctic

19. Allusions Allusions are references in a work to something from history, art, religion, myth, or another work of literature. Example: Robert Walton refers to Coleridge’s poem The Rime of the Ancient Mariner… poem tells of a horrific sea voyage that changes sailor’s life.

20. Frame Story Story is told within a narrative setting or frame—hence creating a story within a story. – EXAMPLES: Great Gatsby Canterbury Tales Frankenstein