1. VACCINATION ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION Jana Dáňová Third Faculty of Medicine Dept. of Epidemiology

2. PASSIVE IMMUNITY Pasive immunity attained naturally  transplacentar transfer of antibodies from mother to child  duration 2-6 month Pasive immunity attained artificially  application of specific protective antibodies  heterologous and homologous immunoglobulins

3. PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION  application of antibodies – specific immunoglobulins  application after exposure to the infection  profylactic application  therapeutic application

4. ACTIVE IMMUNITY Active immunity attained naturally  after apparent or inapparent infection  duration depents on type of inf.agent Active immunity attained artificially  after application of vaccines  persistence of antibodies depents on the type of a vaccine

5. VACCINATION ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION MOST IMPORTANT TYPE OF PREVENTION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES PRIMARY PREVENTION

6. HISTORY OF VACCINATION 1796 - Edward Jenner - vaccination against smallpox (variola) 1885 - Louis Pasteur - vaccination against rabies

7. VACCINE containes antigen of one or more microorganisms and after application to human or animal body causes antibody response – active immunization

8. TYPES OF VACCINES according methods of preparation according methods of preparation   live attenuated   inactivated (killed)   anatoxin (toxoid)   split and subunit   polysaccharide   synthetic

9. CORRECT TECHNIC OF VACCINATION application of appropriate vaccine excluding of exspire vaccine eligible type of application supervision 30 min. after vaccination intervals between vaccinations

10.  after live attenuated vaccine 4 weeks  after inactivated (killed) vaccine 2 weeks  after BCG revaccination 8 weeks  after BCG primovaccination 12 weeks  after skin tests (including tuberculin) 1 week  after immunostimulans 7 – 10 weeks INTERVALS BETWEEN VACCINATIONS

11. CAUSES OF LOW IMMUNITY RESPONSE  immunodeficiency inborn or acquired  contraindications  insufficiency of intervals between vaccination vaccination  bad nutritional status

12. BASIC REQUIREMENTS FOR VACCINE  immunological efficacy  safety  stability

13. CAUSES OF REACTIONS AFTER VACCINATION  type of vaccine  health status of person  vaccination technic

14. ORGANIZATION OF VACCINATION IN CZECH REPUBLIC  vaccination is important among children, they are in childhood mostly exposed to infectious diseases  strategy of vaccination is regulated by statement of Ministry of Health  vaccination in CR against infectious diseases is divided to several groups

15. TYPES OF VACCINATION IN CZECH REPUBLIC  routine vaccination  special vaccination  emergency vaccination  vaccination in injueries  vaccination on request

16. ROUTINE VACCINATION  diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, diseases caused by Haemophilus influenzae b, poliomyelitis, viral hepatitis B  measles, mumps, rubella  viral hepatitis B of newborns HBsAg positiv mothers  pneumococcal infection   tuberculosis in specific situation

17. Vaccination against tubeclulosis Vaccination against tuberculosis is indicated in specific situation according statement 299/2010: 1. one or both parents, sibling, member of household had/has tuberculosis 2. child, parents, sibling, member of household, where a child lives was born or leve/lived more than 3 month in a country with higher frequency of tuberculosis than 40 cases/per 100 000 3. child was in a contact with tuberculosis 4. indication due to anamnestic reasons

18. Vaccination against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae b, poliomyelitis and viral hepatitis B basic vaccination – basic vaccination – since 9.weeks 3 dosis of hexavaccine in interval of 1 month and 4th dosis applicated 6 month after 3.dosis revaccination against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis in 5 years revaccination against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussispoliomyelitis – revaccination against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis and poliomyelitis – 10 to 11 y. of age revaccination against tetanus – revaccination against tetanus – 25 to 26 years of age and every 10 – 15 years

19. Measles, mumps, rubella basic vaccination – in 15 month of age revaccination – after 6 – 10 month

20. Vaccination against viral hepatitis B of newborns HBsAg positiv mothers basic vaccination of newborns HBsAg positiv mothers one dose of vaccine against VHB within one dose of vaccine against VHB within 24 hours after delivery (before application of tbc vaccine), among these children continue in vaccination with hexavaccine 24 hours after delivery (before application of tbc vaccine), among these children continue in vaccination with hexavaccine

21. Vaccination against pneumococcal infection application of conjugated vaccine (Prevenar) in specific indication

22. ROUTINE VACCINATION of persons in higher risk of diseases  Influenza (every year) (every year)  infections caused by Str.pneumoniae (once among people in senior houses etc. ) (once among people in senior houses etc. )  viral hepatitis B (dialysis, sexual and familiar contact with VHB) (dialysis, sexual and familiar contact with VHB)

23. SPECIAL VACCINATION  viral hepatitis A + B (emergency workers) (emergency workers)  viral hepatitis B (health care workers) (health care workers)  rabies (workers in higher risk of disease) (workers in higher risk of disease)

24. EMERGENCY VACCINATION  vaccination in specific conditions  planed by Ministry of Health  free of charge

25. VACCINATION IN INJURIES  vaccination of persons - prevention of wound infections wound infections  vaccination against tetanus, rabies

26. VACCINATION ON REQUEST  vaccination of persons on request  use of licenced vaccines  each vaccination is paied  examples: VHA, VHB, tick - borne enc., meningococcal men., influenza etc. meningococcal men., influenza etc.

27. GRAPHS source NIPH

28. VARIOLA

29. DIPHTHERIA

30. TETANUS

31. TETANUS

32. PERTUSSIS

33. POLIOMYELITIS

34. POLIOMYELITIS

35. MEASLES

36. MUMPS

37. RUBELLA

38. VARICELLA

39. VIRAL HEPATITIS B

40. THANK YOU