1. Totalitarianism Ch. 14.2 & Ch. 15.3

2. Stalin Becomes Dictator A New Leader Trotsky and Stalin compete to replace Lenin when he dies Joseph Stalin—cold, hard Communist Party general secretary in 1922 - Stalin gains power from 1922 to 1927 Lenin dies in 1924 Stalin gains complete control in 1928; Trotsky forced into exile

3. Stalin was a Totalitarian List examples of each Totalitarianism State control of individuals Methods of Enforcement Modern Technology State Control of Society Dictatorship of One-Party Rule Dynamic Leader Ideology

4. Benito Mussolini – Fascist ruler of Italy New Political Movement Fascism is new, militant political movement Emphasizes nationalism and loyalty to authoritarian leader Mussolini Takes Control Italians want a leader who will take action Fascist Party leader, Benito Mussolini, promises to rescue Italy October 1922, Mussolini takes power legally Italian king puts Mussolini in charge of government Il Duce’s Leadership Mussolini takes firm control of politics and economy in Italy

5. Adolf Hitler – Fascist ruler of Germany A New Power Adolf Hitler—obscure political figure in 1920s Germany The Rise of the Nazis Nazism—German brand of fascism Hitler becomes Nazi leader, plots to seize national power Mein Kampf—Hitler‘s book detailing beliefs, goals Germans turn to Hitler when economy collapses The Führer Is Supreme Hitler takes control over every aspect of German life Hitler’s New Power Hitler is named chancellor Turns Germany into totalitarian state Uses brutal tactics to eliminate enemies Nazis take command of economy Hitler Makes War on the Jews Nazis deprive Jews of rights, promote violence against them

6. Mussolini & Hitler were a Totalitarian List examples of each Characteristics of Fascism CulturalSocial Basic Principles PoliticalEconomic Chief Examples