1. PREAMBLE OF OPTICAL NETWORKS

2. INDEX PREAMBLE STRUCTUREPREAMBLE STRUCTURE HOLLISTIC FIX HOLLISTIC FIX KEY CONCEPT KEY CONCEPT KEY RESEARCH AREA KEY RESEARCH AREA KEY APPLICATION KEY APPLICATION INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONINDUSTRIAL APPLICATION RESEARCH RESEARCH HOW WE STUDYHOW WE STUDY KEY JOBSKEY JOBS PROJECTS ONE CAN DOPROJECTS ONE CAN DO TRENDSTRENDS 2

3. PREAMBLE STRUCTURE

4. 1. NAME – Ms Shruti Mittal 2. CABIN LOCATION - 347 3. TELEPHONENO.9927456672 4. EMAIL-ID- shruti_mittal06@yahoo.co.in 5. MEETING HOURS– 11:45 12:45. 4

5. HOLLISTIC FIX OF OPTICAL NETWORKS PREREQUISITES Basic Knowledge of laws of optics ( snells law,total internal reflection, critical angle ) (12 th standard) Basic Knowledge of optical fibers. Basic Knowledge of multiplexing and communication networks. Knowledge of LED and LASERS

6. HOLLISTIC FIX………CONTINUED PRE REQUISTES (7 th Semester)  Basic Principles of optical fiber Communication  Basic principles of optical fiber characteristics Multiplexing Synchronization Types of fibers  Different types of signals Analog and digital Sine waves 6

7. HOLLISTIC FIX OF ON………CONTINUED ADVANCE COURSE ADVANCE COURSE Wide area network designs Wide area network designs Application in 3G technology Application in 3G technology Application in 4G technology Application in 4G technology Usability in seamless handoffs Usability in seamless handoffs 7

8. HOLLISTICS FIX IN ON… SCOPE IN RELATED FIELDS… Mobile Communication Mobile Communication Wireless Technologies Wireless Technologies Microwave and RADAR Microwave and RADAR Optical fiber communication Optical fiber communication Satellite communication Satellite communication Networking Networking

9. Traditional Optical Communication System

10. Key concepts related to ON….. Block Diagram of Optical fiber communication

11. Typical Optical Networks Architectures

12. Classical Optical Networks

13. Hierarchy of Optical Layers

14. Multiplexing

15. TDM VS FDM

16. Multiplexing Layered Hierarchy

17. NOISE SOURCES

18. Signal To Noise Ratio

19. Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier A pump optical signal is added to an input signal by a WDM coupler Within a length of doped fiber part of the pump energy is transferred to the input signal by stimulated emission For operation circa 1550 nm the fiber do pant is Erbium Pump wavelength is 980 nm or 1480 nm, pump power circa 50 m W Gains of 30-40 dB possible Pump Source WDM Erbium Doped Fibre Isolator = Fusion Splice Input

20. working Consists of a short (typically ten metres or so) section of fibre which has a small controlled amount of the rare earth element erbium added to the glass in the form of an ion (Er3+). The principle involved is the principle of a laser. When an erbium ion is in a high-energy state, a photon of light will stimulate it to give up some of its energy (also in the form of light) and return to a lower-energy (more stable) state (“stimulated emission”). The laser diode in the diagram generates a high-powered (between 10 and 200mW) beam of light at a wavelength such that the erbium ions will absorb it and jump to their excited state. (Light at either 980 or 1,480 nm wavelengths.)

21. Point-to-Point Network Switching Circuit Switching, Message Switching, Packet Switching, Cell Switching Connection-Oriented versus Connectionless Virtual Circuit versus Datagram Networks Internal/External Abstractions

22. Circuit Switching

23. KEY RESEARCH AREA OF OPTICAL NETWORKS Research areas in cluster of ON: Telecommunication applied research in Gigabit and emerging technologies (TARGET). Telecommunication applied research in Gigabit and emerging technologies (TARGET). To reduce the complexity & cost of Receiver & Transmitter used in DC components. To reduce the complexity & cost of Receiver & Transmitter used in DC components. To reduce the noise to a zero level To reduce the noise to a zero level Efficient long range communications Efficient long range communications Architectures and protocols for high speed, optical and wireless networks Architectures and protocols for high speed, optical and wireless networks To teach and provide support for courses in networkingTo teach and provide support for courses in networking 23

24. PRIVATE SECTOR Texas Instruments www.ti.com Himachal futuristic communication pvt.ltd www. hfcl.com ST microelectronics www.st.com Reliance Communications www.st.com www.relianceinfo.com Bharti Airtel www.airtel.in 24

25. Electronics Corporation of India Limited. www.ecil.co.in www.ecil.co.in Bharat Electronics Limited. www.bel-india.com Hindustan Aeronautics Limited. www.hal-india.com Defense Research & Development Organization. www.drdo.org Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited. www.bsnl.co.in 25

26. 26 Tutorial Plan Handouts + LAN Server Reference Sources Handouts + LAN Server Lecture Plan Handouts + LAN Server Individual Assignments LAN Server Group Assignments Handouts + LAN Server UPTU Paper Mapping LAN Server I Google Will be shared by individual Gmail Ids

27. Trends in optical networks the digital network has evolved in three fundamental stages: Asynchronous Synchronous (SONET) Optical(2 nd generation optical networks) which are still being standardized.

28. Trends in optical networks

29. Projects on optical networks Digital clock using LED Two way communication using fiber optic Multiplex signals in the fiber cables HOPI - The Hybrid Optical and Packet Infrastructure Project

30. Other Wireless based projects :- HELIOS Fiber optic transmitter Fiber optic receiver Simple circuit uses optical fiber to send relative humidity data

31. THANK YOU 31