1. History of the Light Bulb by Noah Shpak

2. The Beginning of a New Era  In the early 1800s - candles, oil lanterns, and gas lamps.  In 1809, chemist, Humphrey Davy began researching the incandescent light bulb

3. Concept and Cost  The design relied on the high melting point of platinum that would allow it to operate at high temperatures.  Although it was an efficient design, the cost of the platinum made it impractical for commercial use.

4. A Step Forward  Many other scientists improved the initial design. Thomas Edison, however, developed the first practical incandescent light bulb.

5. A Break Through  The invention of ductile tungsten sparked the development of the modern tungsten light bulb in 1906- 10. Ductile tungsten has many favorable properties: a high melting point: 3,410 Ca high melting point: 3,410 C low evaporation rate at high temperatures: 10-4 torr at 2,757 Clow evaporation rate at high temperatures: 10-4 torr at 2,757 C tensile strength greater than steeltensile strength greater than steel

6. Structure of Today’s Light Bulb

7. Light Bulbs of Today  The Light bulb of today has: wide, low-cost availabilitywide, low-cost availability easy incorporation into electrical systemseasy incorporation into electrical systems adaptable for small systemsadaptable for small systems low voltage operation, such as in battery powered deviceslow voltage operation, such as in battery powered devices wide shape and size availabilitywide shape and size availability

8. The Future  In the future, light bulbs will be even smaller and brighter.

9. Thank You This has been a Noah Shpak production

10. Bibliography  Edison. (n.d.). Edison's Light Bulb. Retrieved September 8, 2011, from www.passion-4-pizza.com/history/pizza  Light Bulb Picture. (n.d.). Light Bulb Picture. Retrieved September 7, 2011, from goshycab.com/wp- content/uploads/2010/09/5-light-bulb.png  Mrs. Steiner's Chemistry - Part 10. (n.d.). McCann Technical School. Retrieved September 8, 2011, from http://blogs.mccanntech.org/steinerchemistry/page/10/  The Light Bulb. (n.d.). History of the Light Bulb. Retrieved September 7, 2011, from invsee.asu.edu/modules/lightbulb/meathist.html