1. Proton Improvement Plan William Pellico FRA Visiting Committee Meeting March 14-15, 2011

2. Talk Outline Proton Source Overview Proton Source Operations and Previous Upgrades  Operational Past  Operational Current  Operational Planned Current Upgrades in progress Task Force Report & Review Proton Source Improvement Report & Effort  Report Review Systems Costs Timetable William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 2

3. Proton Source Pre-Accelerator Linac Booster William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 3

4. Proton Source Overview William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 4

5. Pre - Accelerator William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 5 Inside H- Dome Pre-Acc Region I- Dome H-

6. William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 6 200 MHz Alvarez LE Accelerating Cavity 5 MW 7835 Power Amp 800 MHz Klystron High Energy Linac

7. Booster William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 7 RF Cavities Magnets (Inside) Booster Facts: 15 Hz Synchrotron 400 MeV to 8 GeV 24 Cell Lattice - Harmonic = 84 Beam Input MI-8 8 GeV

8. Historic Operations First 30 years of operations  Averaged about 1E19 Protons/Year  Users Fixed Target Pbar Production (Starting in 1985)  Booster Duty Cycle was much less than 1 Hz  Booster Efficiency was under 70%  Major Upgrade - Doubling Linac Energy Installation of Klystron System in 1995 William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 8

9. Start Neutrino Program and Run II Requirements FY2000 Requested Rep rate increased by about a factor of 10 Requested Proton throughput increased by about a factor of 10 Beam quality required significant improvements  MI Slip Stacking Requirements  Booster Activation Issues  Protons for collider program Reduced Scheduled Repair/Study Periods HEP requests greater than Proton Source could deliver! William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 9

10. Completed Proton Source Upgrades Improved Beam Quality  New Booster Correctors Orbit Control Corrected Harmonics  Removal of an extraction region Aperture restriction  Added damping  New injection region Increased Proton Throughput  Added shielding  Collimation System Controlled loss point Reduced Component Activation  Improved Low Level control – Cogging/Notching William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 10

11. Beam Plot - Efficiency Improvements - 2000 to 2010 William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 11 Beam Acceleration Cycle in Booster 90% Efficiency 72% Efficiency

12. Proton Throughput History William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 12 Record Year FY10 6.1E20

13. Current Proton Source Projects Pre-Accelerator  New RFQ injector* Linac  Linac Dump Repair  Line Power Regulation (PLC Based Controls) Booster  Short Kicker (20 ns goal )  Low Level Upgrade  Lattice and Aperture studies (Magnet Moves)  Transverse Dampers  Beam Dynamics Correction – New Correctors  Booster Solid State* * Projects included in Proton Task Force report and PIP William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 13

14. Pre Accelerator Project  Remove Cockcroft-Waltons and 750 KeV line  Two Round Slit Magnetron H- 35 KeV Sources (June Delivery)  New Transport Line 750 KeV Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) (May Delivery) New Transport Lines LEBT Solenoids (Completed) Trims (June Delivery) MEBT New Buncher Cavity (March Delivery) New High Gradient Quadrupoles (Oct. Delivery) Scheduled Installation - 2012 Shutdown William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 14

15. Pre-Accelerator Upgrade 2009 to 2012 William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 15 Beam Testing End of Summer RFQ arrives by May

16. Proton Task Force Report (Submitted 2010) Task charge: Reliable operation for 15 years Areas of Concern  Pre-Accelerator Continue With RFQ Project  Linac Low Energy RF Drive System Low Energy DTL  Booster High Level RF Systems (Solid State and More) Combined Function Magnets Radiation/Activation  Utilities LCW Transformers and Switch Gear William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 16

17. Proton Improvement Plan (PIP) Maintains viable and reliable operation of the Linac and Booster through 2025 +  TASK FORCE REPORT Increases the Booster RF pulse repetition rate (From ~8 Hz to 15 Hz)  TASK FORCE REPORT Doubles the proton flux  “delivering 2.25E17 protons/hour (at 15 Hz) by January 1, 2016” William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 17 The Fermilab Associate Director for Accelerators and the Fermilab Accelerator Division Head have established a charge for developing a plan that.....

18. PIP - Proton Goals William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 18 Present Flux

19. PIP – Cycle Rate Goals William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 19 Present Rate

20. Proton Improvement Plan Efforts Workshop (Dec.2010)  Identify Physics Issues  Identify Personnel  Review Proton Force Task Force Report  Review Required Resources Meetings to discuss details of workshop  Working groups started to address critical issues Create project funding profile – using guidance  M&S funding  Manpower  Timetable Submitted plan to management  February 2011 William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 20

21. PIP Summary Task M&S K$ FTEs Project Management9.0 Modulator /Drive System Only10,00049 RFQ 750.0 10.0 New Booster Cavities 18,000.0 25.0 Beam physics studies etc12.0 Collimators 1,500.0 12.0 Instrumentation 500.0 15.0 BRF Anode and Bias supplies & test stand 1,710.0 3.0 Controls 1,000.0 10.0 Booster Solid state systems 3,700.0 8.0 Booster LCW 465.0 0.8 Booster Vacuum 124.0 3.0 Linac Vacuum 255.0 3.0 Power distribution 1,816.0 3.5 Booster gradient magnets 80.0 1.5 TOTALS (Modulators Only)39,900.0164.8 William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 21

22. PIP cost profile for FY2012 and 20113 Proton Source Improvement Plan M&S Cost Profile by Calendar Quarter Fixed Cost YearQuarter PROTON SOURCE IMPROVEMENT PLAN 2011Q1700,000 Q20 Q30 Q46,200,000 2011 Total6,900,000 2012Q11,200,000 Q2600,000 Q30 Q42,574,000 2012 Total6,374,000 2013Q11,126,000 Q20 Q30 Q40 2013 Total3,426,000 Grand Total12,400,000 William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 22

23. Conclusion William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 23 The domestic accelerator High Energy Physics program for the next 15 years is dependent on the viability and vitality of the Fermilab Linac and Booster. The Fermilab Associate Director for Accelerators and the Fermilab Accelerator Division Head have established a charge for developing a plan to assure this viability and vitality. Execution of the plan requires a commitment of significant resources. It is important to move quickly and the support of FRA is essential.

24. Extra Slides William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 24

25. William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 25

26. Critical Items in PIP William Pellico, FRA Visiting Committee Meeting, March 14-15, 2011 26 Linac RFQ project. This program is now effectively underway, but the project might benefit from aconstructive advice from a wider group with a range of relevant experiences. Both a conceptual design review by independent experts and an internal technical design and implementation plan review are appropriate at this stage. Booster RF Solid State Program. This and the other Booster RF efforts are presently guided by one individual able to devote an inadequate fraction of his time to each. Undivided attention is required to be prepared for the 2012 shutdown. Booster RF Cavities, Tuners, Anode Supplies, and Bias Supplies. Each of these elements cries for, undivided attention for there to be any chance of supporting 12 Hz operation in 2013. The entire “Doubling the 8 GeV Beam Flux” category. This range of elements requires one dedicated and informed scientific staff person to serve as a focal point. That person shall provide the oversight and guide the planning of investigations and beam studies necessary to achieve sufficient understanding of the issues. The time scale should be such as to enable proper preparation for effective use of the 2012 shutdown. 200 MHz Linac RF Power Systems backup Plans B and C. Especially Plan C to design a “SNS- like” 400 MHz Linac compatible with the present high energy section of the Fermilab Linac should be addressed. Linac and Booster Power Distribution Equipment. Items within this category that will be replaced must be prioritized and pre-procurement activities such as specification development and installation planning need to begin in order to effectively procure the equipment in a timely manner when funds become available. Booster Spare RF Cavity Program. This effort is in immediate need of skilled mechanical technician labor.