1. Why did the Cold War come to an end?

6. Was the end of the Cold War caused by internal or external factors? Reagan Popular protests in Eastern Europe Economic weaknesses Pope John Paul II Gorbachev Thatcher Gorbachev

7. The role of individuals: Who am I?

8. The role of individuals: Who was most responsible for the end of the Cold War?

9. Was the end of the Cold War caused by internal or external factors? Reagan Popular protests in Eastern Europe Economic weaknesses Pope John Paul II Gorbachev Thatcher Gorbachev

10. Was the end of the Cold War caused by internal or external factors?

11. Problems facing historians Many records are still unavailable – National security – Interests of governments to restrict sensitive information Relatively recent – Historians still influenced by values and attitudes of societies affected by Cold War and involved in its end – Detached assessment is more difficult History written by the victors – Americans – Former Soviet supporters of democracy and freedom (critics of the communist system)

12. Problems facing historians End of Cold War AND collapse of Soviet Union – Much bitterness in Russia making detached assessment difficult Limited time had passed – Impact of process difficult to assess The struggle between totalitarianism and democracy continues…

13. Preparing for unit 3 Interpretations of the causes of the end of the Cold War

14. Doing well in part (b) What are they looking for? This paper tests source analysis skills and ability to use subject knowledge to analyse evidence. Usually two or three sources AND your own knowledge needed. Sources and knowledge should be used to assess a given INTERPRETATION (e.g. a specific hypothesis). e.g. Use sources___and your own knowledge. How far do you agree with the view that...?

15. Part (b) questions: Key things to remember... 1.Remember you will be considering a historical debate 2.Integrate your knowledge with the sources. – Don’t have a separate section of sources and knowledge – Don’t have a separate section on each source (cross-reference!) 3.Use your knowledge to... – Explain parts of the source – Put the source in context – Test the validity of the interpretation in the source

16. Some questions to ask yourself… Stage 1: Thinking about the question What is the main argument in the question? What should your basic plan look like? Stage 2: Reading and annotating the sources Which points support each side of the argument? What is the interpretation given by each of the sources? How can you explain the interpretation that each source gives? Can you use your knowledge to add to or challenge what is stated? Stage 3: Writing your answer Am I referring to the question throughout? Have I shown I understand the different interpretations relating to the question? Have I given a definite conclusion that makes a judgement?