1. U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey IMPROVING THE QUALITY AND EFFICIENCY OF ADCP STREAMFLOW MEASUREMENTS David S. Mueller U.S. Geological Survey Office of Surface Water

2. OVERVIEW THE HYDROGRAPHER’S DILEMMA AUTOMATION ASSISTED DATA COLLECTION AND REVIEW DIFFERENCES IN MANUFACTURE SOFTWARE ALGORITHMS QREV CONSISTENT ALGORITHMS ACROSS MANUFACTURERS AUTOMATION ASSISTED DATA REVIEW A DATA DRIVEN APPROACH TO PROCESSING DATA

3. The typical ADCP user will not be an ADCP expert!

4. AUTOMATION ASSISTED DATA COLLECTION AND REVIEW ADAPTIVE CONFIGURATION WATER MODE NAVIGATION (GPS, BOTTOM TRACK) DEPTHS (MULTIPLE SENSORS) REAL-TIME DATA QUALITY WARNINGS WITH ADVICE POOR SATELLITE COVERAGE AIR ENTRAINMENT COMPASS ERRORS LOW CORRELATION LOW/HIGH RSSI TOO MUCH INVALID DATA AUTOMATIC POST MEASUREMENT ASSESSMENT CHECK FOR POLICY COMPLIANCE AUTOMATIC PROFILE EXTRAPOLATION AUTOMATIC SELECTION OF APPROPRIATE NAVIGATION REFERENCE ID AND INTERPOLATE INVALID DATA (DEPTHS, NAVIGATION, WATER DATA) SUMMARIZE POTENTIAL ISSUES IN USER FRIENDLY REPORT UNCERTAINTY DETERMINATION ASSESS ACCURACY OF MEASUREMENT EASY DATA SHARING WITH EXTERNAL SOFTWARE/DATABASES USER MODULES/PLUGINS DATABASE COMPATIBILITY Dependent on the manufacturers Working with manufacturers and developing USGS software

5. MANUFACTURER’S SOFTWARE ALGORITMS CharacteristicTRDISonTek GPS based boat velocityUse 1st validUse last valid Edge coefficientvertical = 0.91vertical = f(width/depth) Edge ensembles10 or user validEdge samples only Edge velocitySimple average to get magnitude of measured Profile averaging includes extrapolation then projects the mean vector Bottom extrapolation typeConstant not allowedConstant is an option Extrapolation exponentSingleTop and Bottom Invalid water trackIncrease dtN/A Invalid bottom trackIncrease dtHold last valid (9) Invalid GPSHold last validIncrease dt Invalid depthIncrease dtHold last valid Invalid depth cellInterpolate or extrapolateN/A

6. INCONSISTENT ALGORITHMS If you could process the same data in both RiverSurveyor Live and WinRiver II, you would get different discharges due to the differences in how various situations are handled.

7. QREV GOALS USGS STANDARD PROCESSING ALGORITHMS APPLY SAME ALGORITHMS TO DATA INDEPENDENT OF MANUFACTURE OF ADCP USE THE BEST DATA AVAILABLE USE THE BEST INTERPOLATION METHODS WITH AVAILABLE DATA TO ESTIMATE VALUES FOR INVALID DATA AUTOMATE DATA QUALITY EVALUATION AUTOMATE DATA UNCERTAINTY ESTIMATION

8. QREV – DEVELOPMENT PROCESS BOTH SONTEK AND TRDI DATA CONSISTENT ALGORITHMS USE BEST AVAILABLE DATA LOGICAL WORKFLOW AUTOMATED DATA QUALITY REVIEW AND FEEDBACK MANUAL OVERRIDES ISSUE SPECIFIC DIALOG WINDOWS FEEDBACK TO USER ON UNCERTAINTY TABLET FRIENDLY

9. BEST AVAILABLE DATA DISCHARGE WATER VELOCITY DEPTH BOAT SPEED WATER VELOCITY DEPTH BOAT SPEED BOTTOM TRACK GPS DEPTH INDEPENDENT OF BOAT SPEED AND WATER VELOCITY

10. QREV (ALPHA TESTING)

17. THE QREV DIFFERENCE WinRiver II QRev

18. ESTIMATED UNCERTAINTY Uncertainty of invalid data and edges is 50% Moving-bed uncertainty No moving-bed test or errors = 5% Moving-bed test (no moving bed)=1% Moving-bed test (moving bed)=2% Moving-bed test (warnings)=3% Extrapolation Uncertainty Mean lowest 4 absolute differences between the selected profile and the 6 possible profiles. Systematic bias 1.5% ASSUMPTIONS Presented as and example of what COULD be done and what would be useful to the field user. Presented as and example of what COULD be done and what would be useful to the field user.

19. SUMMARY WINRIVER II AND RIVERSURVEYOR LIVE EMPLOY DIFFERENT ALGORITHMS FOR SOME COMPUTATIONS ALGORITHMS APPEAR TO BE INCONSISTENT ALGORITHMS ARE NOT WRONG JUST DIFFERENT A USGS SET OF STANDARD ALGORITHMS SHOULD BE DEVELOPED A COMMON, AUTOMATED, AND EFFICIENT PROCESSING TOOL IS IN DEVELOPMENT POLICY CHECKS SCREENING DEFAULTS INTERPOLATION DEFAULTS UNCERTAINTY COMPUTATIONS

20. QUESTIONS