1. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 1 Coal Power Summit January 14, 2008 Sponsored by: Sierra Club of IL Climate Justice Chicago

2. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 2 Introductions Considering local (Fisk/Crawford) vs. Regional (fleet wide) approaches/activism Special report: FutureGen 'clean coal' in IL Priorities…how we get to no more coal! Agenda

3. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 3 FutureGen Carbon Sequestration, IGCC, Coal to Liquid Fuel The Future of ‘Clean Coal’

4. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 4

5. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 5 www.futuregenforillinois.com What Is Coal Gasification? As an alternative to burning coal, the process of gasification coverts coal from a solid state into a gas The gas—mostly of hydrogen and carbon monoxide and very similar to natural gas— can be used to make chemicals and/or electric power

6. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 6 Analogy of FutureGen: Polk Power Plant IGCC complete in 1996 250 MW output

7. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 7 Myth? Reality…

8. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 8 What is Integrated Combined Cycle (IGCC)? It is the combining of a gasification plant with a combined cycle of electric generating plant.

9. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 9 IGCC…

10. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 10 Sequestration at Mattoon

11. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 11 Carbon Sequestration Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) An industrial plan to bury as much as 10 trillion tons of carbon dioxide deep in the ground, hoping it will stay there forever.

12. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 12 Status…benefits Endorsed by major environmental groups, universities, philanthropies and the federal government. Would allow coal and oil firms to retain and even expand their market share, eliminating the need for substantial innovation. Greatly reduce the incentive for Congress to invest in renewable energy. Might protect coal and oil corporations from legal liability for global warming

13. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 13 What if it doesn’t work? Failure would occur decades or centuries into the future… Current generation of decision-makers, researchers, philanthropists, and environmental advocates could no longer be held accountable.

14. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 14 Who will benefit? Once large-scale carbon sequestration has begun, the coal industry will be free to unleash an enormous new enterprise turning coal into liquid fuels (CTL)...

15. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 15 Coal to Liquid Fuels (CTL) Perfected during WWII by the Germans Exceptionally dirty … produces twice as much carbon dioxide per gallon of fuel Uses 7 gallons of water for every gallon of fuel produced.

16. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 16 Why now? “In a carbon-constrained world, CCS is needed to save coal” "Saline aquifers will either make or break this technology," -- Howard Herzog (MIT) …without carbon sequestration, the coal industry itself cannot survive.

17. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 17 CCS: Danger of Tiny Leaks Today we emit eight billion tonnes of carbon into the atmosphere each year... global warming Fossil fuels left in the ground contain 4,130 billion tonnes of carbon globally Burn and capture just 25% of that... leakage of only 0.8% of the total per year would exceed the current annual human contribution to atmospheric carbon. Burn 75%, then annual leakage of 0.26% of the total would exceed the current annual human contribution to atmospheric carbon.

18. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 18 80% Reduction by 2050… If we accept this estimate of the carbon reduction needed -- cutting 80% from current levels -- then the allowable leakage must be reduced accordingly (8 B to 1.6 B allowable) If 25% of remaining fossil carbon is sequestered, any leakage above 0.16% (about one-sixth of one percent) of the total per year could eventually result in runaway global warming; If 75% of remaining fossil carbon is sequestered, then leakage greater than 0.05% (one-twentieth of one percent) of the total per year could eventually produce runaway global warming.

19. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 19 What CSS Really Means Can we bury several trillion tons of carbon dioxide in the ground with complete confidence that 0.05% of it will not leak out each year? Never leak out? The leakage could begin at any time in the far distant future because the danger would lie buried forever, waiting to escape, a perpetual threat.

20. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 20 Good $ense? FutureGen (Mattoon, IL) $1.8 B and counting 275 MW Twin Groves Wind Farm (Bloomington, IL) $600 M 400 MW

21. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 21 Energy from Coal, Natural Gas & Nuclear

22. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 22

23. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 23 Coal Power Summit January 14, 2008 Rember…every dollar spent to prop up Big Coal is a dollar that cannot be spent creating good jobs with a real future -- renewable energy and efficient use. Every dollar spent propping up Big Coal is a dollar that cannot be spent renewing the U.S. as a world-class industrial leader.

24. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 24 Thank You! No More Coal!

25. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 25

26. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 26 Summary… Wind & Solar can meet all our energy needs –50% reduction of GHG potential Mass transit improves quality of life and –15% reduction in GHG potential Local organic food and farming –15% reduction in GHG potential Green building / Conservation-Efficiency –Energy efficiency can be improved by 80-90%

27. January 14, 2008 www.rachel.org 27