1. Chapter 5 Lesson 1 Notes October 30, 2013

2. D.A.S.H. DATE: October 30, 2013 AGENDA: Go over the notes for Chapter 5 Lesson 1 and continue working on Chapter 5 assignment. STATE OBJECTIVE: Content Standard 2: The student will analyze the expanding role of the United States in international affairs as America was transformed into a world power in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, 1890 to 1920. HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK: Work on Chapter 5 assignment. TEST IS NOVEMBER 8.

3. Chapter 5 Lesson 1 Notes Imperialism is the economic and political domination of a strong nation over weaker ones. Imperialism is NOT an American idea but a global one. European nations expanded for several reasons—new markets, need for naval/military bases, raw materials, and investment potential. Once the U.S. began its 2 nd Industrial Revolution it too started expanding overseas. Many concluded that the U.S. needed overseas markets to keep its economy strong. Historian John Fiske argued that English-speaking nations had superior character, ideas, and systems of government. This idea, Anglo-Saxonism, was linked with Manifest Destiny. This extended the idea that we (America) were to spread civilization to others. Naval officer Captain Alfred T. Mahan helped to build public support for the idea that a nation needed large fleets of ships to trade with the world and a large navy to defend the right to trade with other countries. These proponents convinced Congress to authorize the construction of a large navy.

4. Lesson 1 Notes Continued The direction that U.S. expansion took was westward toward the Pacific and beyond. In 1852 Commodore Matthew Perry was ordered to work out a treaty with Japan. Prior to this, Japan’s door to outside nations had been closed. Perry’s warships convinced them to open trading rights with the U.S. with the Treaty of Kanagawa in 1854. In 1878 the U.S. signed a treaty gaining permission to open a base on Samoa. An agreement in 1899 split Samoa between the U.S. and Germany. Hawaii is one of three current states that was a nation prior to its becoming a territory of the U.S. It is also the ONLY territory we took over without a formal agreement.

5. Bell ringer 6 1. What is imperialism? 2. How did Commodore Perry gain access to Japan? 3. What is another state that was a nation prior to becoming a part of the U.S.? 4. What is yellow journalism? 5. What incident caused the U.S. Congress to declare war on Spain? BONUS: Who was blamed for the incident?

6. Lesson 1 Notes Concluded Before Hawaii became a territory it had a king or queen that ruled the country of Hawaii. Steps were taken that eventually led to the securing of Hawaii as a U.S. territory—some were legal and other actions were borderline. First the U.S. signed a treaty exempting Hawaiian sugar from tariffs. This prevented Hawaii going to Great Britain or France. Conveniently (?) when the treaty was up, the U.S. renewed the treaty with exclusive rights for a naval base to be established at Pearl Harbor. Next in 1887 the American sugar planters on the islands forced the king to accept a constitution limiting his power. When his daughter, Queen Liliuokalani, tried to reassert the monarchy’s power the planters overthrew the monarchy in 1893. The U.S. then annexed Hawaii in 1898—no money was exchanged and no treaty was written! In Latin America, the U.S. used the idea of Pan-Americanism—the idea that the U.S. and Latin American nations should work together. The hope was to secure exclusive trade agreements with only the U.S. What did come out of the Pan-American conference of 1889 was what today is known as the Organization of American States. It states in its mission statement “[to establish] an order of peace and justice, to promote their solidarity, to strengthen their collaboration, and to defend their sovereignty, their territorial integrity, and their independence.”