1. Centre for Science and Environment, New Delhi WATER SCENARIO IN JHARKHAND Centre for Science and Environment New Delhi

2. Area – 79,714 sq km Population - 26.9 million (Growth rate is 23.19 per cent) Urban - 5.9 million (21 percent) –152 towns –39,386 average population Rural - 20.9 million (79 per cent) –32,615 villages –642 average population JHARKHAND: AT A GLANCE

3. Annual average rainfall 1400 mm Water harvesting potential = 112 TMC (Area x amount of rainfall = volume of water received) WATER RESOURCES

4. 16 river basins Total replenishable groundwater resources in 1998 was 0.660 million hectares metres per year Provision for domestic, industrial and other uses - 0.099 mhm/year Available groundwater resource for irrigation - 0.561mhm/year (net) Groundwater extraction - 0.121 mhm/year (net draft) Balance Ground Water Resources for Future Use in net terms - 0.439 mhm/year WATER RESOURCES

5. Fresh water sources Ponds and tanks – 29,335 (30300.07 hectares) Reservoirs – 106 (107351 ha) Low lying areas – 1038 ha Traditional water harvesting systems - Ahar WATER RESOURCES INFERENCE: WATER IN ABUNDANCE

6. REALITY?

7. WATER PROBLEMS!! 90 – 95 per cent of the rainfall is wasted as untapped runoff Depleting groundwater 22 districts – the entire state were affected by drought in 2002 Floods affected 150,000 lives 113 blocks of 13 districts - drought conditions prevailed in 2003 Surface and groundwater contamination (biological, heavy metals – fluoride, manganese, nickel and sulphate)

8.  100 mm of rain captured on 1 hectare of land gives you, believe it or not, one million litres of water. 1400 mm of rain on 1 hectare 14 million litres of water Jharkhand = 1400 mm rainfall in 79,714 sq km = 112 TMC (50 per cent being harvested 56 TMC or 56000000000000 litres Urban = 12.28 TMC ; Rural = 43.5 TMC RAINWATER HARVESTING POTENTIAL

9. For more information write to us at: water@cseindia.org or call us at 011-29955124/125