1. Approaches and Mainstreaming of Ecosystem-based Adaptation in Europe International workshop “Mainstreaming an ecosystem based approach to climate change into biodiversity conservation planning in Vietnam” October 15-16, 2013 Institute of Strategy and Policy on Natural Resources and Environment (ISPONRE)

2. Agenda  Climate Change and EbA in Europe – Overview  Local/ regional EbA initiatives in EU Member States  Legal framework for climate change adaptation in the EU (EU Adaptation Strategy)  Entry points for mainstreaming EbA on EU level (for biodiversity conservation planning)  Tools and financing for EbA mainstreaming  EbA planning and implementation on country level  Success factors and barriers to EbA mainstreaming and implementation

3. Change in mean annual temperature [°C] by the end of this century Source: EU commission Green Paper 2007

4. Change in mean annual precipitation [%] by the end of this century Source: EU commission Green Paper 2007

5. Source: EEA 2013 Impacts

6. Source: EEA 2013 EbA - Examples

8. WWF 2010

9. Adaptation for Nature Conservation Lower Danube Green Corridor

10. EU Adaptation Strategy to Climate Change 2007 Green Paper 2009 White paper April 2013: EU Adaptation Strategy “…to work towards a more climate-resilient Europe by enhancing the preparedness and capacity to respond to the impacts of climate change at local, regional, national and EU levels and developing a coherent approach and proper coordination.” Specific objectives 1.Encourage MS to adopt comprehensive adaptation strategies 2.Funding for capacity building and step-up adaptation action in Europe 3.Better informed decision-making: bridging the knowledge gap 4.EU information platform for adaptation ‘Climate-ADAPT’: to be further developed 5.‘Climate-proofing’ EU action by mainstreaming of adaptation in EU policies and programmes in key vulnerable sectors

11. EbA approaches considered 1. cost-effective under different scenarios 2.easily accessible 3.having multiple benefits Envisaged for 2013: Mobilization of EbA approaches  Needs assessment for additional guidance for authorities and decision makers, civil society, private business and conservation practitioners  EbA and Green infrastructure approaches are given priority in EU adaptation funding EbA in the EU Adaptation Strategy

12.  Forthcoming policy initiatives to consider adaptation: Invasive alien species (2013), Green Infrastructure (2013), Land as a resource (2014-15), new Forest Strategy (2013), Guidelines on adaptation for Natura 2000 network (2013)  Tabled: Proposals for integrating adaptation in agriculture and forestry, maritime spatial planning and integrated coastal management, energy, disaster risk reduction, transport, research, health, finance and insurance. In Nature conservation:  EC proposal for Environment Action Programme to 2020 (2012): EbA approaches to be used more extensively  EU Biodiversity Strategy up to 2020 recognizes cost-effectiveness and multiple benefits of EbA Mainstreaming EbA on EU level

13. European Climate Adaptation Platform Climate-ADAPT http://climate-adapt.eea.europa.eu (hosted by EEA) http://climate-adapt.eea.europa.eu  Information on adaptation policy across Europe, Adaptation Policy Cycle  Online library of adaptation case studies  Software tools  Adaptation decision support tools (CBA, CEA, Portfolio Analysis, Impact Assessments, etc.)  Online public consultation on ‘Your voice in Europe’ in preparation for the EU adaptation strategy. Information and Network for EbA mainstreaming

14. 16 EU countries adopted NAS, 12 others in process CC impacts and priorities for adaptation + governance structure differ NAS are basis for (sector-based) action plans, vulnerability assessments, research programmes, funding opportunities and information services Few countries developed new legislative documents for CC adaptation (e.g. UK has established a Climate Change Act in 2008) Instead, changes to existing sectoral legislations by mainstreaming adaptation (water management, land use/ agriculture and ecosystems) Germany developed climate change legislative ‘packages’ to be integrated into sector legislation (e.g. Regional Planning Law 2008, Urban Planning Law 2011 and Water Pollution Law 2009) Many mainstreaming initiatives are EU initiated, e.g. by the Water Framework and the Floods Directive Adaptation (EbA) planning on country level

15.  Mainstreaming into sectoral policies ensures compatible goals for CC action  Flexibility in adaptation policies to allow ‘adaptive management’ practices and adaptation pathways (robust measures)  Multi-level governance: Adaptation policy to be supported by all levels of governance  Landscape approach: Transboundary (multi-country) EbA initiatives successful and priority for funding  Further analytical work is needed for monitoring and evaluation, inter-dependencies of networks and systems, transformational adaptation, CBA for adaptation measures Success factors for Adaptation/ EbA mainstreaming at EU and national level

16.  Structural and operational barriers: e.g. institutional funding structures/ incentive programs, disputed responsibility/ jurisdiction within different levels of governance  Regulatory and legislative barriers: Different regulations with partly conflicting objectives, e.g. biodiversity conservation, urban and regional planning  Cultural and behavioral barriers: relationship of individuals/ decision-makers in critical positions of government and implementing institutions  Contextual barriers: Environment and society, e.g. availability of land for EbA initiatives, public priorities  Capacity barriers: Technical, human and financial resources Barriers to EbA integration at EU and national level

17. Thank you! More information: European Commission http://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/adaptation/index_en.htm European Environment Agency http://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/climate Ecologic Institute EU http://www.ecologic.eu/adaptation German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN) http://www.bfn.de/0307_klima+M52087573ab0.html International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River (ICPDR) http://www.icpdr.org/main/activities-projects/climate-adaptation