1. The Rise of Islam Section 11-1 pp. 304-309

2. Muhammad Becomes a Prophet Islam originated in the Arabian Peninsula The Prophet Muhammad – Muhammad was a merchant from Mecca Important trading center Pilgrimage site – Kabba – Married to Khadija

3. Muhammad Becomes a Prophet Muhammad Becomes God’s Messenger – The angel Gabriel called Muhammad to be a messenger of God (Allah) – Muhammad was terrified, but Khadija convinced him to accept the call – Muhammad devoted the rest of his life to spreading Islam

4. Muhammad Becomes a Prophet The Hijra: A Turning Point – 622: Muhammad made a journey from Mecca to Medina known as the hijra – 630: Muhammad returned to Mecca and destroyed the idols in the Kabba He rededicated the Kabba to Allah Mecca became the most holy site of Islam – 632: Muhammad died

5. Teachings of Islam Essential Beliefs – Islam is a monotheistic religion – God is all-powerful and compassionate – Individuals are responsible for their actions – Abraham, Moses, and Jesus were prophets

6. Teachings of Islam Muslims Study the Quran – Final authority on religious matters – Provides a guide to life Emphasizes honesty, generosity, and social justice Dictates harsh punishments for crimes – All Muslims learn Arabic to read the Quran

7. Teachings of Islam Muslims Follow Duties – Five Pillars of Islam There is no God but Allah. Muhammad is His prophet. Pray five times daily, facing Mecca. Give alms to the poor. Fast during the holy month of Ramadan. Complete the hajj: A pilgrimage to Mecca.

8. Teachings of Islam Muslims Follow Duties – Jihad: Struggle in God’s service May be a personal, internal struggle May be a “holy war” – “People of the Book” Muslims believe Islam is God’s final and complete revelation. Christians and Jews referred to as “People of the Book”

9. Islam: A Way of Life Sharia – Islamic System of Law – Contains interpretations of the Quran, examples from Muhammad’s life, and Muslim traditions – Regulates moral conduct, family life, business practices, and more – Basis of law in Muslim nations

10. Islam: A Way of Life Impact of Islam on Women – The Quran affirms the spiritual equality of women Extended some social rights and protections to women Still viewed as inferior in society – Veiling practice adopted from the Persians – Rights and practices vary according to region and class