1. Early Inhabitants in Pennsylvania Chapter 2 Lessons 4-7

2. Lesson 4 Land Bridge – bridge made from land or ice Clans – small villages Native American tribes came to North America 12,000 years ago, over the land bridge between Asia and North America – Hunted animals and slowly spread across the continent – No written language

3. 2 large groups of Indians located in Pennsylvania, classified according to what language they spoke – Algonquin Tribes – Iroquois Tribes Woodland Indians – Indians who lived in the woods.

4. Algonquian Tribes – Delaware – Shawnee – Nanticoke Iroquois Tribes – Cayuga – Mohawk – Oneida – Onondaga – Seneca Tuscarora, Erie, & Susquehannock followed later

5. Systems of Governments – Chief and council members selected by the women – “An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth” Simple rule of right and wrong

6. Lesson 5 Bartering – trading goods Ford – best and shallowest location to cross a stream or river Longhouse – Iroquois houses that held many families Sweathouse – like a spa, used to stay clean Tipi – type of wigwam with a conical shape Wampum Belt – made from shells and ornaments, used for trading or recording historical events Wigwams - small Algonquin homes built from small trees

7. TIPI WIGWAM

8. Iroquois Longhouse

9. Algonquian homes – single family Iroquois longhouses – multiple families – 20 x 100 ft in size – Typical family included parents, children, grandparents, aunts, uncles, and their children. – When an Iroquois man married, he moved in with his wife’s family, but did not belong to their clan. When too old, went back to mothers clan.

10. Money – Trading and bartering Wampum belts Roles – Men were hunters and warriors – Women and children skinned animals, prepared and cooked meals, tended to crops, and did all the other work. – Children were taught to respect their elders and appreciate life. Clothing – Deerskin was main fabric

11. Religion – Worshiped nature and believe in one “Great Spirit” – Revolved around nature and animals – Could contact spirits through dreams Transportation – Water – canoe – Land travel – series of trails crisscrossing the state – Different paths for different reasons Hunting, visiting, trading, and fighting “Moss on the trees” – in case they got lost

12. Lesson 6 Conflict – war between opposing ideas Retaliated – to get revenge Settlements – setting up a new colony Early European Settlements – Sweden, France, Holland, and England – mapped and claim land in PA prior to Penn’s Birth. – Wanted to stake claim to riches in new world

13. Scene for Conflict – Native Americans – did not view land as theirs – Europeans – wanted to buy that the Native Americans were originally willing to share. 1638 – Swedes settled near Philadelphia area Governed by Johan Printz Colonists captured small Dutch fort on the Delaware. Dutch retaliated and conquered Swedes 1664 – King if England sent fleet of ships and to take over the Dutch colonies, surrendered with firing a shot

14. Impact of Swedes and Dutch on PA: – Architecture, customs, and names. Johan Printz

15. Lesson 7 Absolute Monarchy – rulers who believed only they had the wisdom, vision, or authority to decide everything for the people Church of England – King’s church during 1600’s General Assembly – group of people appointed to make rules on how PA should be governed Holy Experiment – William Penn’s plan for PA, religious freedom, people had say in gov’t, & all people were created equal Imprison – put in jail Land Grant – being given land Religious Freedom – able to worship who/what you want Survive – to live

16. William Penn Starts the Colony of Pennsylvania http://www.teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video _id=19601 http://www.teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video _id=19601 William Penn – born 1644 – Attended Oxford University – Attended meetings of a religious group called the Society of Friends or Quakers Quakers believed – everyone was equal – War and fighting were wrong

17. Church of England – by law, everyone belonged to the King’s church – Other beliefs were not tolerated (jail) Penn was kicked out of Oxford for his religious beliefs, member of Quakers Penn imagined starting a colony where people of all religions could practice their beliefs without fear of being imprisoned. Penn did not believe in absolute monarchy

18. How did Penn get the land for Pennsylvania? – King borrowed large sums of money from Penn’s father, an admiral. – After fathers death, king could not repay the money he borrowed from the Penn’s – Penn took opportunity to ask for a land grant in North America. – 1681, King granted most of land that now is Pennsylvania. Next to the king, Penn was one of the largest landowners in the world.

19. Penn’s Holy Experiment 1681, Penn began to plan, a place where all could worship as they feel fit, everyone was equal While establishing colony, Penn got along with the Delaware Indians Indians call Penn “Brother Omas” Penn paid Tamanend, the Delaware Chief, for the land the King of England gave him When people of Europe heard about Penn’s ideas, settlers began to flock to Pennsylvania

20. When colony of Pennsylvania established, Penn put forth 3 laws throughout the years: – 1682, “The Great Law” – stated that all people were created equal – 1682, “Frame of Government” – allowed the people to set up a council and General Assembly, choosing them from the citizens – 1701, “The Charter of Privileges” – said that General Assembly could now suggest laws to be considered by the King/Queen of England. – How did these laws influence colonial independence?