1. Feudalism : Japan and Europe

2. Feudalism
Political system of local government based on the granting of land in return for loyalty, military assistance, and other services.

3. Japan--Europe Emperor King Shogun Lords Daimyo Daimyo Knights
Samurai Samurai Samurai Samurai
Daimyo =vassal lords or warrior chieftains

4. The emperor reigned, but did not always rule!
Feudal Society

5. Medieval Warriors
vs.
European knight
Samurai Warrior
Some were women

6. Japanese Feudalism lasted over 600 years from the 12th to the 19th centuries.
How long did European feudalism last?
From the 6th to the 14th centuries.

7. Religion- Japan Buddhism Zen Buddhism
no longer reserved for the scholars and monks
Popular among ordinary people
Zen Buddhism
emphasized personal enlightenment through discipline and meditation
Tea Ceremony
Architectural influence
Gardens used for meditation within temples

8. Religion- Europe Catholicism influences all aspects of life
Focus on the afterlife not the harsh life in this world
Great Cathedrals

9. Oda Nobunaga Daimyo Seized capital at Kyoto “Rule the Empire by force”
Daimyo
Seized capital at Kyoto
“Rule the Empire by force”
Used firearms to gain victory
Committed seppuku ‘ritual suicide’ when one of his generals turned on him

10. Hideyoshi 1590 brings most of Japan under his control
Failed to conquer Korea and China

11. Tokugawa Ieyasu 1603 - becomes sole ruler or Shogun
Moved capital to Edo
Strong centralized government
Tokugawa Shogunate ruled until 1867
Daimyo still governed at local level
Required to spend every other year in order to keep them from rebelling
Had to leave families behind in Edo

12. Tokugawa Rule Order restored
centralized feudalism
Farm production increased = population increase
Majority of peasants heavily taxed
Lives miserable
Many left for the cities
Merchant class and wealthy prospered
Elevated status by lending money to samurai and shoguns
Emperor figurehead
Closed off trade
Except Dutch and Chinese at Nagasaki harbor
Shift from rural to urban society
Increased employment opportunities for women

13. Flowering of Japanese culture
Kabuki Theater
Controlled daimyo
Lords had to live at capital every other year
Daimyo’s family remained in Edo permanently
Could not repair their castles or marry without permission

14. 1549 Christianity introduced by missionaries
Shogun feared religious uprisings
bans Christianity
1637 uprising by peasants
Christianity eliminated
Closed country policy adopted-1639
Nagasaki only port open
Dutch and Chinese
Japanese forbidden to leave

17. Similarities Use of horses and heavy armor Controlled peasant class
Rituals and institutions
Militaristic
Chivalry/Bushido
Castles
Inhibited development of strong central government
Rigid class distinctions
Alliances of mutual protection between monarchs and nobles
Land in exchange for loyalty and military aid

18. Differences Japan Western Europe
Relied more on group or individual loyalty not contractual agreements
Same throughout Japan
Sword and bow and arrow
Centralized under the Tokugawa
Constant warfare followed by several centuries of peace
Western Europe
Emphasized feudal loyalty with negotiated contracts, in which the parties each gained advantages
Took different forms in different areas of Europe
Sword and lance
Decentralized
Constant warfare