1. Changes in Japan’s Government We’re going to talk about –foreign invasion –internal rebellion –unification –isolation What do you think these terms might mean??

2. Order Breaks Down For about 100 years the shoguns were able to keep order in Japan But, challenges to the shoguns’ power brought this order to an end

3. Challenges We’re going to talk about two challenges that led to the breakdown of the shoguns’ rule –Mongol Invasion –Rebellion in Japan

4. Mongol Invasion Remember the story “The Winds that Saved Japan? What happened when the Mongols tried to invade? This map shows the Mongols retreating from Japan in 1281

5. Mongol Invasions Kublai Khan sent ships from China to invade Japan in 1274 and 1281 Both times, the Mongol fleet was severely damaged by storms

6. Mongol Invasions Daimyo and Samurai got angry- they thought the shogun didn’t give them enough credit for the victories

7. Rebellion in Japan Do you remember what the emperor was doing while the shogun was running Japan?? After the Mongol invasion, the emperor and the daimyos began to fight the shogun to gain control of the country

8. Rebellion in Japan By the 1400s, the shogun had lost control, the emperor was mostly powerless and the daimyo ruled much of Japan Daimyos controlled their own lands- made laws, collected taxes Now there was no powerful central ruler in Japan

10. Strong Leaders Take Over New local leaders fought each other to gain control of all of Japan in the 1500s A Daimyo being transported by his servants and samurai

11. Strong Leaders Take Over We’re going to talk about how these new leaders –Unified Japan –Isolated Japan

12. Japan Unifies One local leader who fought for power was Oda Nobunaga Oda Nobunaga started to unify Japan, he gave his soldiers guns he bought from Portuguese traders With these new weapons he easily defeated his opponents

13. Japan Unifies After Oda died another leader took control of all of Japan Tokugawa Ieyasu conquered all of his enemies- the emperor made him shogun

14. Japan Unifies Tokugawa ruled from his capital at Edo This period is called the Tokugawa shogunate While the Tokugawa family ruled, Japan traded with other countries and let Christian missionaries live in Japan

15. Isolation Some shoguns feared contact with other countries would cause them to lose their power In the 1630s the ruling shogun closed Japan off from the rest of the world Japan was isolated until the 1850s

16. Isolation Guns were banned to keep peasants from threatening the samurai armies The lack of contact with the outside world and less technology extended the samurai period in Japan to the 1800s

17. Questions What was the relationship between samurai and the daimyos?

18. Questions What was Bushido?

19. Questions Why did the samurai arrange flowers and practice Zen Buddhism?

20. Questions Who invaded Japan twice in the 1270s and 1280s? What happened both times?

21. Questions After he defeated all of his rivals, which local leader reunified Japan and became shogun?

22. Questions What was the main function of samurai in Japanese society?