1. The Anglo-Saxons
( )

2. Great Britain/The United Kingdom
Magical island filled with legendary places and people: Stonehenge, Robin Hood, Shakespeare,
Influences: The Industrial Revolution, popular culture, language.
English common law-emphasized personal freedom and rights.
America-influenced by British parliament, laws, government, and language.

3. Invaders of Great Britain:
Celts- a sub group of the Brythons (Britons); Animism=their religion. Saw spirits in all of nature. Priests=Druids/Stonehenge-lunar and solar cycles.
Celtic Mythology-influenced Arthurian legends/poets.
Celtic Stories: full of strong women, magical animals, love affairs, adventures.

4. Romans: (55 B.C.-409 A.D.) Came under Caesar-Claudius
Great administrators.
Built roads, baths, Hadrian’s Wall-73 mi., aqueducts
Brought Christianity/Celtic religion died

5. Anglo-Saxons Came from Germany and Denmark via the North Sea
Brought their language=“Engla Land”
King Alfred-Wessex ( ) A.D.-unified A/S tribes, fought the pagan Danes, published the first history of England-The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles ( ).

6. Women in Anglo-Saxon Culture:
Could inherit property from husbands/fathers
Some became abbesses-ran convents and were educated.
Hilda of Whitby Abbey was one of these.

7. Sutton Hoo Treasure (found in 1939) Suffolk, England
What was it?- A Viking treasure ship/grave filled with gold, silver, and bronze artwork and jewelry from the Anglo-Saxons.
Treasures show artistry of the A/S culture.
Warlike society/Values included: law and order,loyalty to a clan leader, success-judged via gifts from a leader, and community discussion/consensus.

8. Anglo-Saxon Religion:
Dark, fatalistic
Warrior gods-Norse mythology: Odin-death, poetry, and magic- “Woden”
Thor-Thunder, lightning, hammer or swastikam “Thor’s Day”
Dragon-Protector of treasure, guardian of the grave mound.
Values: Bravery, loyalty, generosity, and friendship

9. Bards/Scops in A/S Society:
Poets as important as warriors
Sang in mead halls of heroes and gods
Accompanied by a harp told of heroic tales
Poems stressed transience of life
Preserved the culture of the tribe
Only fame/poetry could preserve memory

10. Influence of Monasteries:
Augustine Christianized Britain- 597A.D.
Supplied hope in a dark time of history
Centers of learning-Scriptorium=writing room where monks worked
Recorded/preserved great written works such as Beowulf from oral tradition
Monks wrote in the vernacular, later Latin