1. 1 The Mole

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5. 5 A counting unit Similar to a dozen, but instead of 12, it’s 602 billion trillion 602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 6.02 X 10 23 (in scientific notation) 6.02EE23 on your TI calculator Amedeo Avagadro (1776 – 1856) Avagadro’s NumberThis number is named in honor of Amedeo Avagadro (1776 – 1856) Avagadro’s Number

6. 6 Just How Big is a Mole? Enough soft drink cans to cover the surface of the earth to a depth of over 200 miles. If you had Avogadro's number of unpopped popcorn kernels, and spread them across the United States of America, the country would be covered in popcorn to a depth of over 9 miles. If we were able to count atoms at the rate of 10 million per second, it would take about 2 billion years to count the atoms in one mole.

7. 7 = 6.02 x 10 23 C atoms = 6.02 x 10 23 H 2 O molecules = 6.02 x 10 23 NaCl “molecules” (technically, ionics are compounds not molecules so they are called formula units) 6.02 x 10 23 Na + ions and 6.02 x 10 23 Cl – ions A Mole of Particles A Mole of Particles Contains 6.02 x 10 23 particles 1 mole C 1 mole H 2 O 1 mole NaCl

8. 8 6.02 x 10 23 particles 1 mole or 1 mole 6.02 x 10 23 particles Note that a particle could be an atom OR a molecule! Avogadro’s Number as Conversion Factor

9. 9 The mass, in grams, of 1 mole Equal to the mass on the periodic table 1 mole of C atoms= 1 mole of Mg atoms = 1 mole of Cu atoms = Molar Mass 12.0 g 24.3 g 63.5 g

10. 10 Other Names Related to Molar Mass Molecular Mass/Molecular Weight Formula Mass/Formula Weight Gram Atomic Mass/Molecular Mass THE POINT: You may see all these terms which mean the SAME THING!

11. 11 Add up the masses of each element 1 mole of NaCl 1 mole of Na = 23.0 g 1 mole of Cl = 35.5 g 1 mole of H 2 O 1 mole of H x 2 = 1.0 g x 2 = 2.0 g 1 mole of O = 16.0 g Molar Mass of Molecules and Compounds = 58.5 g = 18.0 g