1. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 1 Interdomain Routing Politics for the Masses Dave Aaldering

2. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 2 Introduction Dave Aaldering ISP Services Dutch / English Didam the place to be

3. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 3 Introduction Interdomain Routing Politics Research / Conversations / Discussions Facts rather than Opinions –Save your opinions for the end, where we have room for discussion Work in progress Feedback is welcome!

4. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 4 Introduction Many ISP’s make 1 Internet ISP’s must interact to have a good Internet Understanding creates acceptance Dealing with ISP’s means dealing with people

5. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 5 Contents What is peering? What is transit? Network sizes Interests Fair basis Examples for smaller networks Examples for intermediate networks Examples for big networks Common practice / Words of advice Round-up Questions / Discussion Acknowledgments and thanks

6. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 6 What is peering? Peering is the relationship whereby ISP’s give access to eachother’s customers Private Peering Public Peering (exchanges) Carrier Neutral Datacenters

7. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 7 What is peering?

8. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 8 What is transit? Transit is a service where a backbone provider sells access to the entire internet Having transit delivered at your door Buying at a carrier neutral datacenter Delivery over exchanges US / Europe

9. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 9 What is transit?

10. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 10 Network Sizes A network is defined as an Autonomous System Size is based on : –Geographical span of the backbone by exitpoints / interconnects with other networks –Backbone bandwidth –Geographical source, and amount of customer traffic

11. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 11 Small AS Customer base in 1 geographical location Customer traffic behind 1 exit location Minimal backbone to connect to exchange location / transit uplink Mostly local peers No continental backbone Buys transit from third party Examples : ISP Services, BIT, 2Fast, Kabelfoon, XS4ALL, Megabit

12. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 12 Small Intermediate AS Customer base in 1 geographical location Customer traffic behind several exit locations Backbone to connect to geographically spread exit points Local and continental peers Buys transit from third party Examples : Belnet, Surfnet, BBC

13. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 13 Bigger Intermediate AS Customer base in several geographical location Customer traffic behind several exit locations Backbone connecting geographically spread exit points / backbone Local and continental peers Buys no european Transit? Examples : UPC, Tiscali, Interoute

14. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 14 Big AS Global customer base Global network presence Buys no transit at all? Sometimes called Tier1 Examples : Worldcom, NTT, Level3

15. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 15 Interests Financial –Decrease transit costs –Increase transit sales –Scaling bandwidth Technical – Better routes – Lower latency – Redundancy

16. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 16 Fair basis Same amount of € spent on bandwidth Same amount of € spent on hardware Same amount of network capacity used / interconnect location Even traffic ratio Who pays what? Eyeballs or Content Providers?

17. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 17 Examples for smaller networks Be more autonomous Improve connectivity Save money on transit Operational cost are of a relative low concern Transit sales not a primary goal

18. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 18 Examples for intermediate networks Expanding the network –Improved Connectivity –New business opportunities –Bandwidth / Hardware / Colocation / Operational costs –Having to pick up traffic that would otherwise be delivered to you Save money on transit –Peering with transit providers Having to say no to smaller providers –Unfair peering –To enable both parties to sell transit –To keep up with transit provider peering demands More peerings Peering locally / saving backbone capacity

19. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 19 Examples for intermediate networks Backhauling transit from abroad –Save some € –Not being a potential customer More private peerings with bigger parties –No financial drive to peer directly Controlling operational costs Efficiency in using hardware –Traffic Ratio’s –Traffic Aggregation

20. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 20 Examples for big networks Operating a global network –Best possible connectivity –New business opportunities –Bandwidth / Hardware / Colocation / Operational costs –Make money selling transit –Peering with other transit providers Maintaining full connectivity –Having to say no to smaller providers Unfair peering based on network capacity used Possible transit customer

21. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 21 Common practice / Words of advice Be nice to peering@$company people Supply sufficient information in peering requests Analyse your traffic flows (Cflow, mac accounting, mrtg, yaps, etc) Do not assume, but check what is going on in your network Be professional at all times when dealing with peering issues Think ahead, but also act ahead

22. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 22 Round-up Different networks and different network sizes have different interests and interact in their own ways Everyone has to guarantee full access to the internet and get it somehow Smaller networks focus more on technical aspects Bigger networks are focus more on financial and business consequences of interconnections The bigger your network gets, the more things you have to take into consideration Choices have to be made, you can’t make everyone happy so start thinking about your network in the first place

23. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 23 Questions / Discussion Any questions?

24. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 24 Acknowledgements and thanks Frank Hellemink Pim van Pelt Tsjoi Tsim Erik Bos Niels Bakker Bill Norton Sabri Berisha Remco van Mook Bart Teunis Stichting Megabit Megabit Sponsors ISP Services Many more, who are not mentioned by name here Thanks everyone!

25. 25/07/2003BGP Table Manners 25 BGP Table Manners Interdomain Routing Politics for the Masses The End : Let’s go and grab some beers!