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Published byChristopher Sherman Modified over 9 years ago
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The Integumentary System
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Skin, Hair and Nails Now using the microscopes. Examine your skin, hair and nails. In your spiral, diagram what you see.
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Organs of the integumentary system skin hair nails The name is derived from the Latin integumentum, which means “a covering.”
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Label and color the parts of the integumentary system finger nail
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Skin The largest organ in your body Functions Covers the body and prevents water loss Protects the body from injury and infection Regulates body temperature Eliminates wastes (sweat) Produces vitamin D Gathers information about the environment Stores fat for fuel and insulation
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Prevents Water Loss Skin prevents water from leaking out of your body
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Prevents Infection Skins acts as a barrier to bacteria and viruses
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Maintains Homeostasis Helps to keep the body temperature normal Has blood vessels that tell the body when it is hot or cold Hot – blood vessels get larger and sweating occurs Cold – blood vessels constrict to keep blood in the body’s core
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Eliminates Waste Sweating eliminates dissolved waste from your body
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Gathers Information Skin contains nerves that can feel pain or pressure
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Provide Vitamin D With the help of sunlight, your skin produces vitamin D Vitamin D is essential in calcium absorption from food
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Layers of Skin Skin consists of three main layers epidermis dermis subcutaneous layer subcutaneous layer
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Epidermis Outermost layer 30-60 cells thick No nerves or blood vessels Top layer is dead New cells formed at the bottom of this layer Skin cells shed every 2 weeks Where nails grow Contains melanin
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Epidermis Where nails grow Contains melanin Every minute, 30,000 - 40,000 skin cells fall off 95% of your skin cells make new cells 5% make melanin More sun exposure = more melanin (tan)
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Dermis Middle layer Contains nerves and blood vessels Contains sweat glands, oil glands and hair follicles Contains collagen and elastin that allows skin to stretch
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subcutaneous layer Made mostly of fat Keeps you warm Absorbs shock Attaches your skin to the underlying tissue
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hair Made of a strong, dead protein, called keratin Grows out of a tiny tube called a follicle Hair growth is caused by rapid mitosis in the follicle Hair follicles are everywhere except lips palms soles
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hair Over 100,000 follicles on the scalp Each follicle is attached to a gland that secretes sebum (oil) Color is partially determined by melanin
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nails Modified hair that grows from your cuticle Made of keratin No nerve endings Protects the end of fingers and toes Takes 6 months to grow from cuticle to tip
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nails Fingernails grow faster than toenails Nails grow faster on your dominant hand Nails DO NOT grow after death
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Body systems that work with the integumentary system; respiratory system to get oxygen and remove carbon dioxide circulatory system to deliver oxygen excretory system to eliminate waste
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