1. Biodiesel in North Carolina Tobin Freid Triangle Clean Cities Coalition March 29, 2005

2. A formal definition Biodiesel – a diesel replacement fuel produced from vegetable fats or animal oils Biodiesel Blend – a mixture of biodiesel and petroleum diesel –BXX = volume XX% biodiesel –B5, B20 blends are common

3. Why use biodiesel? Environmental Solution Public Health Benefits Optimal Engine Performance Ease of Use Economic Growth National Security

4. Biodiesel Emissions Biodiesel vs. Petroleum Diesel EmissionB100B20 Carbon Monoxide-47%-12% Hydrocarbons-67%-20% Particulate Matter-48%-12% Sulfates-100%-20% Nitrogen Oxides+9%+2% Ozone formation (speculated HC) -50%-10% PAH-80%-13%

5. Biodiesel Emissions Fewer cancer causing PAH compounds in exhaust Lower amounts of particulate matter Healthier in urban areas and school zones

6. Energy Efficiency

7. Engine Performance No loss of power High Flash Point- 260º F vs. Diesel 117º F Higher Cetane rating than diesel

8. Biodiesel Infrastructure Integrates into current petroleum infrastructure: –Blending –Storage –Availability –Vehicles

9. Considerations Fuel Filters Natural Rubber seals Cold Weather Cost Ultra-low Sulfur Diesel

10. Support our Farmers Direct payment to farmers Value added product Supports rural economies Protects farmland from development pressures

11. Biodiesel Tax Incentives The American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 –one cent per percentage agricultural biodiesel when blending with diesel fuel –one-half cent per percentage of recycled oil biodiesel when blending with diesel fuels

12. Biodiesel Quality Standard ASTM D 6751 Fuel quality is critical for proper functioning Standards ensure satisfactory operation in diesel engines BQ 9000 Certification Certifies biodiesel producers and markers Feeling of confidence for: –Biodiesel Producers –Engine and Vehicle Manufacturers –Distributors –Consumers

13. Who Uses Biodiesel in NC? NC-Department of Transportation (DOT) Camp Lejuene Marine Corps Base RDU International Airport The NC Zoo DeHaven’s Transfer and Storage Pitt County Memorial Hospital Chatham and Durham Public Schools Duke, NC State, and UNC-CH Towns of Chapel Hill, Carrboro, Cary, and Garner Cities of Greensboro, Monroe, and Raleigh Buncombe, Forsyth, and Wake Counties

14. Biodiesel Use in the Triangle

15. Purchasing Biodiesel Distribution: –Piedmont Biofuels (919) 542-2900 –Carolina Biodiesel (919) 304-2220 –Potter Oil & Tire Company (252) 322-4031 –World Energy (800) 256-4853 –Griffin Industries (859-572-2589 –United Energy Distributors (SC) (803) 641-1549 –State Purchasing Contract: www.doa.state.nc.us/PandC/405l.htm www.doa.state.nc.us/PandC/405l.htm Retail Locations: – Exxon Durham 4401 Roxboro Road (at N. Duke Street) - BP Cary 102 Gregson Road (at NC-64) - BP/Han-Dee Hugo Garner 401 Benson Road – Penn Mart Station Salisbury 1600 S Main Street

16. Thank You For Your Time! Contact: Tobin Freid Triangle Clean Cities Coalition (919) 558-9400 tobin@tjcog.org Website: www.trianglecleancities.org Funding Provided By: US Department of Energy United Soybean Board National Clean Cities, Inc