5.  Pogrom -massacres of Russian jews  Zionist - Jews who wanted recreate Israel  Aliyah- ‘home-coming’ return to Palestine  McMahon- Governor of Cairo  Sharif of Mecca- Leader of Arab Revolt  Hashemite- Sharif’s tribe. Descendants of the Prophet and traditional guardians of Jerusalem  Sanjak- District  Vilayet- Prefecture ( area ruled by a Governor)  Kibbutz- early Jewish settlements

6. EventsInternationalJewishPalestinian /Arab 1882 1 st Aliyah Mostly Russians 1896 Der Judenstaat Theodor Herzl 1897 Basel Conference 1900 - 1903 Sponsored by Rothschilds Jewish National Fund 2 nd Aliyah began Tensions begin between Settlers and Arabs JNF buy up lands from Arab Landlords Increased concern at Rising Jewish immigration Growth of Arab Nationalism 1913 Kibbutzim set up in Palestine 1914 WW1 breaks out Ottoman Empire Joins Allied Powers 1915 Arab RevoltMcMahon Correspondence 1916 Sykes Picot Agreement Betrayal of Arab Hopes 1917 Mar : Russian Revolution Nov: Balfour Declaration Assurance to Jews of USA that there would be a homeland for Jews in Palestine 1918 Ottoman Empire surrenders Oct 1918 War ends 11 th November Collapse of Ottoman Empire What happens to Arab lands/

7.  Largely influenced by Chaim Weizmann a British scientist  Homeland not state  Zionists saw this as a legal basis for their aspirations ◦ As a British American endorsement of their goals  Arabs on the other hand saw this as the first of a number of betrayals by a new colonial ruler  Arabs refused to cooperate in any institution that called for joint participation and turned to strikes and boycotts to lodge their protest

8.  Dispute over the boundaries of Palestine itself  San Remo Conference 1920, Palestine becomes a Mandate of the LON  1922 the British divide the Mandate: Palestine and Transjordan  Mandate viewed with anger by Arabs and the attempt by the Sharif’s family to set up an Arab state of Palestine with Feisal the eldest son as the ruler  Driven out by the French who took over Syria and Lebanon  1922: second son of Sharif appointed King of Transjordan