1. The Tudors

2. The Tudor Dynasty Henry VII (1485-1509) Henry VIII (1509-1547)
Edward VI ( )
Lady Jane Grey
Mary I ( )
Elizabeth I ( )

3. Henry VII – won Battle at Bosworth Field to become king.
Married Elizabeth of York.
Died in 1509 – preceded in death by eldest son Arthur in 1502.
Throne passes to second born son, Henry VIII.

4. Henry VIII
Henry VIII took the throne and married Catherine of Aragon in 1509.
Catherine m. Arthur in Nov and he died of consumption in April 1502.
Good friends, long marriage, but only 1 surviving child – a girl – Mary, born in 1516.
Henry felt security of his dynasty depended on a male heir – wanted out of the marriage to pursue Anne Boleyn.

5. Biblical Debate
Leviticus 20:21 “If a man shall take his brother’s wife, it is an impurity; he hath uncovered his brother’s nakedness; they shall be childless”
Deuteronomy 25:5 “When brethren dwell together and one of them dieth without children, the wife of the deceased shall not marry to another; but his brother shall take her, and raise up seed for his brother.

7. The Church of England
1531 – Henry was named Supreme Head of the Church of England, but still considered himself Catholic.
May 23, 1533 – Archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Cranmer declared Henry’s marriage to Catherine invalid.
June 1, 1533 – Anne Boleyn was declared Queen (at 6 months pregnant)
November 28, 1534 – Act of Supremacy passed by Parliament (Thomas More executed)

9. 1533- H8 marries Anne Boleyn and she gives birth to their child
Another girl: Elizabeth
Anne suffers 2 miscarriages
Anne Boleyn is accused of adultery; imprisoned and later beheaded by sword in The charges against her were false!

10. Jane Seymour
Henry married Jane Seymour 10 days after Anne’s execution.
She gave birth to his only son, Prince Edward in 1537, but died 12 days later.
Henry wanted more sons as insurance.

11. Brief marriage was annulled. Why? No chemistry.
Anne of Cleves
Married Henry in 1540.
“Flanders mare”
Brief marriage was annulled.
Why? No chemistry.

12. Katherine Howard Married Henry in 1540. He was 49; she was 19.
She had affairs; was beheaded in 1542.

13. Katherine Parr Married Henry in 1543.
She was a widow; she outlived Henry and remarried after his death.
Kind stepmother. Compared to his 1st wife.

14. King Edward VI When H8 died in 1547, his only son became king.
Edward was only 9.
Govt. was run by Protestant advisors (uncle Edward Seymour)
Died in 1553 at the age of 15. (TB)
Picked his cousin, Jane Grey to succeed him. The “9 days queen”

15. Queen Mary I R. 1553-1558 Known in history as “Bloody Mary”
Repealed everything Protestant.
Turned England back to Catholicism.
Passed Heresy Act-killed 300 Protestants during her reign.

16. Mary and Philip II Married Philip in 1554. She was 38; he was 27
One-sided love/attraction
Marriage was protested by many in England who didn’t want their country to simply become a satellite territory of Spain.
Suffered a “phantom pregnancy” in 1555.
Imprisoned Elizabeth but would not sign her death warrant.
Throne passes to Elizabeth in 1558.

17. Queen Elizabeth I

18. Elizabeth I ( )
Glorified as strongest female monarch in England’s history.
“Good Queen Bess”
Known for being tolerant and moderate in religious issues.
Reestablished Protestantism, but not too strict.
Her changes lasted-The Church of England (Anglican Church) is still in place today with the same policies she established.

19. Elizabeth I Elizabeth was 25 when crowned Queen.
Immediately pressured by her Council to marry and produce an heir.
She never does…the Tudor dynasty ends and the Stuart dynasty begins with her death in 1603.
Why not?
The Virgin Queen?
Greatest accomplishments: Defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588; England’s Golden Age