1. Drawings

2. The Drawing Set Design Drawings System Block Diagram Circuit Design Sketch Packaging Plan Working Schematic Breadboard Drawing PC Board Design Layout PC Board Artwork Electronic Project Design and Fabrication 4 th edition, Ronald Reis ( page 76)

3. The Drawing Set (Continued) PC Board Fabrication Drawing PC Assembly Drawing Sheet Metal Drawing Wiring Diagram Final Packaging Drawing Electronic Project Design and Fabrication 4 th edition, Ronald Reis ( page 76)

4. The Design Drawings

5. System Block Diagram Electronic Project Design and Fabrication 4 th edition, Ronald Reis ( page 60)

6. Circuit Design Sketch Electronic Project Design and Fabrication 4 th edition, Ronald Reis ( page 61)

7. Packing Plan Electronic Project Design and Fabrication 4 th edition, Ronald Reis ( page 61)

8. Introduction to Schematics

9. ANSI and IEEE Define accepted practices and symbols for schematic and electrical diagrams. Most CAD program conform to these standards. Schematic symbols are covered by (ANSI Y32.2)

10. Standard Symbols

11. Designators Resistor - R Switch - S Transformer – T Transistor - Q IC – U Crystal – Y Capacitor – C Diode – D Fuse – F Relay – K Coil/Inductor – L Microphone – MK Protel places the proper designator on all parts for you.

12. Layout Considerations If a schematic is large, split the schematic into functional sections, each on a separate page, making sure to properly label connection ports. Layout should be arrange to develop from the top to bottom and from left to right as the signal flows

13. Layout Considerations (continued) Voltages should be clearly marked. Ground symbols should always be drawn below the line.

14. Proper Signal Flow Example INPUTSOutputs Higher Potential Lower Potential

15. Layout Considerations (continued) All connecting lines are either vertical or horizontal. There are a few exceptions: Bus connections Flip flops Bridge Rectifiers

16. Layout Considerations (continued) Similar circuits should be drawn uniformly. Common circuits should be drawn according to accepted conventions.

17. Example Non-Standard Schematic

18. Example Non-Standard Schematic Standard Schematic

19. Layout Considerations (continued) When identifying values of resistors, capacitors or inductors: Use proper unit prefixes  p for Pico  u for Micro  m for milli  K for Kilo  M for Mega For resistors, ohms is implied and should not be used.

20. Layout Considerations (continued) Parts should be numbered starting from the upper left hand side of the schematic to the lower right hand side. This method makes it very easy to locate parts on the schematic.

21. Part Numbering Example

22. Layout Considerations (continued) Short dashed lines indicate mechanical interconnects. Each schematic should have a filled in title block.

23. Layout Considerations (continued) Lines should be drawn with the minimum of crossovers and joggles. Junctions of 3 or more wires should be marked with a dot to indicate a connection. No dot, no connection. Lines between components should take the shortest path.

24. Example of Crossover and Joggles

25. Connections and Dots

26. What’s Wrong With This Picture?

27. Improved Schematic