2. The Intersection of Hearing Science And Hearing Technology Brent Edwards, Ph.D. Executive Director Starkey Hearing Research Center Berkeley, CA

3. The Current State of Hearing Aids 91% have Digital Signal Processing

5. Digital Tech Multiband compression Feedback cancellation Noise reduction Environment Classification Datalogging Automatic features Echo reduction

6. Digital Tech Multiband compression Feedback cancellation Noise reduction Environment Classification Datalogging Automatic features Echo reduction Other Technologies Directional Microphones Wireless connectivity Design innovation Nanotech applications Rechargeable batteries

7. Hybrid Electric-Acoustic Devices Med-El

8. Digital Tech Multiband compression Feedback cancellation Noise reduction Environment Classification Datalogging Automatic features Echo reduction Other Technologies Directional Microphones Wireless connectivity Design innovation Nanotech applications Rechargeable batteries

10. Change Blindness

12. Perceptual Science will lead the development of the next hearing aid advances

13. Starkey Hearing Research Center Created in 2004 as a Translational Research Center Academic-type scientific environment for industry-related research

14. Focus research on: Speech communication Access to environmental and other non-speech sounds Spatial hearing Selective attention Stuart Gatehouse

15. Loss of environmental awareness leads to stress and anxiety. Listening is not passive. Relaxing is hard to do. Loss of environmental awareness leads to stress and anxiety. Listening is not passive. Relaxing is hard to do. Portis, 2005

17. Hearing loss can cause memory problems and other cognitive deficits McCoy et al., 2005

19. Pre-attentive object feature formation harmonicity timbre localization common modulation Selective attention Cocktail Party Phenomenon

20. Pre-attentive object feature formation harmonicity timbre localization common modulation Selective attention Cocktail Party Phenomenon

21. Vowel Segregation Humans can hear two concurrent vowels when pitches differ /i//a//i,a/ Summerfield and Assman, 1991

22. /i//a//i,a/ i: f0=100 Hz a: f0=100 Hz Vowel Segregation Humans can hear two concurrent vowels when pitches differ Summerfield and Assman, 1991

23. /i//a//i,a/ i: f0=100 Hz a: f0=126 Hz Vowel Segregation Humans can hear two concurrent vowels when pitches differ Summerfield and Assman, 1991

24. Project 1: Binaural Hearing Sridhar Kalluri, SHRC Research Question: What is the impact of hearing aids on binaural perception?

25. What we know: Easier to understand target speech if other talkers are at different locations

26. Target speech Masker/interferer Difficult to understand speech

27. Target speech Masker/interferer Easier to understand speech

28. Spatial separation benefits normal hearing listeners Spatial separation benefits normal hearing listeners Spatial Separation Low Lower Is Better High Unaided Speech Threshold

29. Hearing aids can reduce benefit of spatial separation Hearing aids can reduce benefit of spatial separation Spatial Separation LowHigh Lower Is Better Aided Unaided Speech Threshold

30. Hearing loss reduces benefit from spatial separation Hearing loss reduces benefit from spatial separation Normal hearing Hearing loss Lower Is Better Spatial Separation LowHigh Speech Threshold

31. Hearing loss and hearing aid technology can affect binaural benefit to speech understanding

32. Project 2: Listening Effort Collaboration with Dept. of Psychology, UC Berkeley Prof. Ervin Hafter hafter@berkeley.edu Anastasios Sarampalis asaram@berkeley.edu

33. Project 2: Listening Effort Research Question: Do hearing aids reduce listening Effort?

34. What we know: People have a limited capacity of attention/effort If more attention is applied to one task, less can be applied to another

35. Measure listening effort with a Dual-Task Paradigm

36. Experiment A: Effect of hearing aids on Driving

38. Listening to speech in noise makes driving worse

39. Adding directional technology makes driving better

40. Experiment B: Effect of hearing aids on memory

41. Directional technology improves memory Directional technology improves memory

42. Noise reduction technology improves memory Noise reduction technology improves memory

43. Experiment C: Effect of hearing aids on reaction time

44. Reaction Time Task

45. 8

46. 7

47. Directional technology improves reaction time Directional technology improves reaction time

48. Noise reduction technology improves reaction time Noise reduction technology improves reaction time

49. Hearing aid technology can reduce effort necessary to understand speech in noise

50. Conclusion Perceptual Science will play a strong role in technology development Cognition will be a focus of hearing impairment research and hearing aid R&D

51. Thank You Brent_edwards@starkey.com