1. What are plankton?
The word plankton comes from the Greek ‘planktos’, which means wandering or drifting. It describes the millions of free-floating organisms living in the ocean and other aquatic ecosystems.
Many kinds of organisms make up plankton; some spend their entire life drifting in the upper ocean, others are members of the plankton community for a time before they develop into stationary or free-swimming adults.

3. There are three main types of plankton:
Plant plankton, also known as phytoplankton
Zooplankton
Bacteria

4. KINGDOM MONERA

5. KINGDOM MONERA
Bacteria – some are photosynthetic, but the majority feed on dead organisms.
Cyanobacteria – a moneran phytoplankton
Photosynthetic and can fix atmospheric nitrogen
Reproduce by fission
Can aggregate to form colonies
bacteria - single-cell, no organelles
cyanobacteria - blue-green ‘algae’
photosynthesis but no chloroplasts
chlorophyll a + phycocyanin
produced first O2 in atmosphere
photobacteria - bioluminescent
in plankton & animal tissues
thermobacteria - chemosynthesis
convert hydrogen sulfide H2S
in hydrothermal vents & hot springs
base of aphotic food chains

7. Bioluminescent Bacteria
For centuries, sailors in the Indian Ocean have told stories of seas glowing with a dim, white light at night. Satellite images have now confirmed the appearance of what seem to be bioluminescent bacteria, right where a ship's crew reported seeing the "milky seas" 11 years ago. Scientists say this rare phenomenon could be a way for the bacteria to attract the attention of fish so they can enter their guts and live there.

8. Cancer Killer Found In The Ocean Marine Biotechnologists Treat Cancer With Mud-loving Ocean Bacteria
Biomedicine scientists identified and sequenced the genes of a bacteria called Salinispora tropica. It produces anti-cancer compounds and can be found in ocean sediments off the Bahamas. A product called salinosporamide A has shown promise treating a bone marrow cancer called multiple myeloma, as well as solid tumors.

9. Protistan phytoplankton
Phylum Dinopyhta
Dinoflagellates
Have flagella
Responsible for red tide that interferes with nerve impulses
bioluminescent
Phylum Chrysophyta
Single celled
Silica or calcium carbonate internal skeleton
2 marine groups
Golden brown algae
Diatoms
Most abundant
Cell wall(frustule)
Asexual reproduction
Can reproduce one million daughter cells in 3 weeks
Plankton naturally sink and are brought up through the water column by mixing and upwellings

11. Phyto plankton (plant) (free floating)
Plant plankton, also known as phytoplankton – single-celled photosynthetic organisms which manufacture food using energy from sunlight.

12. Zoo plankton (animal) (free floating)
Zooplankton – single- and many-celled animals that feed on live plankton.

13. Phylum Sarcomastigophora
Foraminiferans
Make up half of all protozoans
Mostly marine
Have calcium carbonate shells(tests)
Mostly benthic or live attached to another organism
Radiolarians
Entirely marine
Internal skeleton of silica
Have psuedopods

14. White Cliffs of Dover – Foram tests or Globigerina

15. Phylum ciliophora Most abundant ciliate Have cilia
Have tentacles that feed
Mostly parasitic